This publication provides essential information on the planning, implementation, and management of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in schools, particularly for small and isolated rural settlements in Mongolia.

All animals rely on oxygen at least at some stage of their life, but a parasite that infects fish seems to have completely lost the ability to use it – where it gets its energy from is still a mystery

Title: Health Tip: Installing a Playground at Home
Category: Health News
Created: 4/30/2012 8:05:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/30/2012 12:00:00 AM

Title: Phone-Focused Parents a Danger to Their Kids at Playground
Category: Health News
Created: 4/25/2015 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/27/2015 12:00:00 AM

Adjust oxygen and fluid therapy thresholds for pregnant patients with severe disease, experts advise; early use of a high-flow nasal cannula and prone positioning may help avoid mechanical ventilation.

Dental students in North American dental schools are exposed to faculty members with various professional backgrounds. These faculty members may include dentists, dental hygienists, and scientists without clinical dental credentials. The practice of dental hygienists’ educating predoctoral dental students has not been well documented. The aims of this two-part study were to investigate the parameters of didactic, preclinical, and clinical instruction of dental students by dental hygienist faculty members in North American dental schools and to explore dental students’ perceptions of this form of teaching. In part one, a survey was sent electronically to the clinical or academic affairs deans of all 76 American Dental Education Association (ADEA) member dental schools in 2017. Twenty-nine responded, for a 38.2% response rate. In 76% of the responding schools, dental hygienists were teaching dental students. Most respondents reported that, in their schools, the minimum degree required to teach didactically was a master’s, while a bachelor’s degree was required for preclinical and clinical courses. There was no significant association between dental hygienists’ instructing dental students and having a dental hygiene educational program at the institution. In part two of the study, a questionnaire was completed by 102 graduating dental students (85% response rate) at one U.S. university to evaluate the impact of dental hygienist educators. Among the respondents, 87% reported feeling that dental hygienists were very effective educators. There were no significant differences in responses between traditional and advanced standing international dental students. This study found that dental hygienists were educating dental students in many North American dental schools and were doing so in curricular content beyond periodontics and that their educational contributions at a sample school were valued by the dental students there.

Few studies have been published on thesis completion experiences of master’s degree students. However, for doctoral students, dissertation completion has been found to be dependent on individual, relational, and institutional factors. The aim of this study was to examine dental hygienists’ perceptions of their experiences completing a thesis as a requirement for an advanced degree. A qualitative phenomenological research design was used utilizing virtual focus groups with a national purposive sample of dental hygienists (n=25) who had graduated from a degree program in which a thesis was a requirement for the degree. Data analysis used an inductive approach to identify themes using Liechty et al.’s framework of individual, relational, and institutional factors impacting completion of a dissertation. Liechty et al.’s framework is based on Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory of learning. In the results, individual factors identified included family/work responsibilities, lack of understanding of the thesis process, time management, health issues, and reaching personal and professional goals. Relational factors focused primarily on positive and negative experiences with the thesis advisor/committee and support from expert peers/family. Institutional factors included the thesis structure, financial concerns, and challenges in recruiting research participants. This study found many factors influencing the thesis experience that may help guide the process in graduate degree programs. In addition, the findings suggest a need to provide mentoring and support for thesis advisors and committee members to more effectively guide students through the thesis process. Effective modifications of these may improve retention of students and facilitate timely completion of thesis research.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify current requirements for initial licensure and entry into the dental hygiene profession across state dental and dental hygiene licensing boards in the United States.Methods: A non-experimental study design was used to study dental and dental hygiene board licensing requirements in the United States, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Each regulatory board website was searched for requirements for entry-level dental hygiene licensure. Requirements were recorded on an Excel spreadsheet. State dental practice acts were reviewed to gather further information and 20 regulatory bodies were contacted to verify accuracy. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data.Results: Information from a total of 52 dental boards (n=52) was examined for this study. Nearly all boards (n=51, 98.1%), with the exception of Alabama, required completion of entry-level education from a CODA accredited dental hygiene program and successful completion of the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination. Most states (n=51, 98.1%), except Delaware, also required a live-patient, a clinical board examination. Application fees ranged from $47.70 to $600. States varied considerably in terms of requirements for background checks, age, military status, and infection control training.Conclusion: Although the majority of regulatory bodies require completion of entry-level dental hygiene education from a CODA accredited program and successful completion of national board and a live-patient, clinical examination, there is considerable variation in other additional requirements for initial dental hygiene licensure.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine strength of muscles involved with instrumentation (scaling) by dental hygienists and the additive effects of cellular (mobile) phone usage, as indicated by measurements of muscular force generation.Methods: A convenience sample of licensed dental hygienists currently in clinical practice (n=16) and an equal number of individuals not currently using devices/tools repetitively for work (n=16), agreed to participate in this pilot study. All participants completed a modified cell phone usage questionnaire to determine their use pattern and frequency. Upon completion of the questionnaire, participants' force production in six muscle groups was measured using a hand-held dynamometer. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.Results: A total of 16 licensed dental hygienists (n=16) and 16 participants with no history of using tools/devices repetitively for work (n=16), comprised the experimental and control groups, repectively. The control group generated greater muscle force than the experimental group for the abductor pollicis longus (p=0.045). Significant differences were identified when comparing the low mobile phone users in the experimental group to the control group for the flexor pollicis brevis (p=0.031), abductor pollicis longus (p=0.031), and flexor digitorum (p=0.006), with the control group demonstrating higher muscle force. Years in clinical practice and mobile phone use was shown to have a significant effect on muscular force generation for the flexor pollicis brevis (F=3.645, df=3, p=0.020) and flexor digitorum (F=3.560, df=3, p=0.022); subjects who practiced dental hygiene the longest produced the least amount of muscle force.Conclusion: Results from this pilot study indicate there are no significant additive effects of cell phone use and dental hygiene practice on finger muscles used for instrumentation. However, results indicate that dental hygiene practice demonstrated significant effects on muscular strength as compared to individuals who do not use tools/devices repetitively for work. The small sample size may have impacted results and the study should be repeated with a larger sample.

Purpose: Untreated and poorly controlled diabetes causes increased levels of blood glucose associated with poor periodontal disease outcomes. Dental hygienists can play a significant role in screening patients for diabetes mellitus, leading to referral and early diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and barriers faced by clinical dental hygienists regarding diabetes risk assessment and screenings.Methods: A mixed method design was used with a convenience sample of dental hygienists in clinical practice (n=316). A 32 item, electronic survey was validated at item-level, and participants were recruited through multiple dental hygiene Facebook groups. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The survey also included two open-ended attitude questions that were interpreted using thematic analysis to pinpoint common patterns within the data.Results: Dental hygienists had high knowledge scores regarding diabetes and oral health, although many were unaware of their states' specific statutes and regulations for screening practices. Nearly all (95.9%), were likely to educate and refer patients (82%), although fewer than half (40.9%), were likely to perform chairside screening for diabetes. Emergent themes for barriers to screening were time, money, patient acceptance/willingness, lack of education, not having the proper tools, and states' rules and regulations.Conclusion: Despite high knowledge scores regarding diabetes and oral health, there is a gap in regards to dental hygienists' willingness to perform diabetes screenings in a clinical setting. Dental hygienists should be capable of integrating chairside diabetes screening practices into the process of care with proper training.

ABSTRACT

The obligatory intracellular pathogen Ehrlichia chaffeensis lacks most factors that could respond to oxidative stress (a host cell defense mechanism). We previously found that the C terminus of Ehrlichia surface invasin, entry-triggering protein of Ehrlichia (EtpE; EtpE-C) directly binds mammalian DNase X, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface receptor and that binding is required to induce bacterial entry and simultaneously to block the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by host monocytes and macrophages. However, how the EtpE-C–DNase X complex mediates the ROS blockade was unknown. A mammalian transmembrane glycoprotein CD147 (basigin) binds to the EtpE-DNase X complex and is required for Ehrlichia entry and infection of host cells. Here, we found that bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) from myeloid cell lineage-selective CD147-null mice had significantly reduced Ehrlichia-induced or EtpE-C-induced blockade of ROS generation in response to phorbol myristate acetate. In BMDM from CD147-null mice, nucleofection with CD147 partially restored the Ehrlichia-mediated inhibition of ROS generation. Indeed, CD147-null mice as well as their BMDM were resistant to Ehrlichia infection. Moreover, in human monocytes, anti-CD147 partially abrogated EtpE-C-induced blockade of ROS generation. Both Ehrlichia and EtpE-C could block activation of the small GTPase Rac1 (which in turn activates phagocyte NADPH oxidase) and suppress activation of Vav1, a hematopoietic-specific Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor by phorbol myristate acetate. Vav1 suppression by Ehrlichia was CD147 dependent. E. chaffeensis is the first example of pathogens that block Rac1 activation to colonize macrophages. Furthermore, Ehrlichia uses EtpE to hijack the unique host DNase X-CD147-Vav1 signaling to block Rac1 activation.

IMPORTANCE Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligatory intracellular bacterium with the capability of causing an emerging infectious disease called human monocytic ehrlichiosis. E. chaffeensis preferentially infects monocytes and macrophages, professional phagocytes, equipped with an arsenal of antimicrobial mechanisms, including rapid reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation upon encountering bacteria. As Ehrlichia isolated from host cells are readily killed upon exposure to ROS, Ehrlichia must have evolved a unique mechanism to safely enter phagocytes. We discovered that binding of the Ehrlichia surface invasin to the host cell surface receptor not only triggers Ehrlichia entry but also blocks ROS generation by the host cells by mobilizing a novel intracellular signaling pathway. Knowledge of the mechanisms by which ROS production is inhibited may lead to the development of therapeutics for ehrlichiosis as well as other ROS-related pathologies.

Objective

To describe the clinical and pathologic features of a novel pedigree with heterozygous STUB1 mutation causing SCA48.

Objective

Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) are used to quantify the cumulative effects of a number of genetic variants, which may individually have a very small effect on susceptibility to a disease; we used PRSs to better understand the genetic contribution to common epilepsy and its subtypes.

Key Points

Noemie Liesch and Friedrich Ladich

In vocal fish species, males possess larger sound-generating organs and signal acoustically with pronounced sex-specific differences. Sound production is known in two out of three species of croaking gouramis (Trichopsis vittata and T. schalleri). The present study investigates sex-specific differences in sonic organs, vocalizing behaviour and sounds emitted in the third species, the pygmy gourami T. pumila, in order to test the hypothesis that females are able to vocalize despite their less-developed sonic organs, and despite contradictory reports. Croaking gouramis stretch and pluck two enhanced (sonic) pectoral fin tendons during alternate fin beating, resulting in a series of double-pulsed bursts termed croaking sound. We measured the diameter of the first and second sonic tendon and showed that male tendons were twice as large as in same-sized females. We also determined the duration of dyadic contests, visual displays, number of sounds and buttings. Sexes differ in all sound characteristics but in no behavioural variable. Male sounds consisted of twice as many bursts, a higher percentage of double-pulsed bursts and a higher burst period. Additionally, male sounds had a lower dominant frequency and a higher sound level. In summary, female pygmy gouramis possessed sonic organs and vocalized in most dyadic contests. The sexual dimorphism in sonic tendons is clearly reflected in sex-specific differences in sound characteristics, but not in agonistic behaviour, supporting the hypothesis that females are vocal.

Emily J. Lombardi, Candice L. Bywater, and Craig R. White

The Oxygen and Capacity-Limited Thermal Tolerance (OCLTT) hypothesis proposes that the thermal tolerance of an animal is shaped by its capacity to deliver oxygen in relation to oxygen demand. Studies testing this hypothesis have largely focused on measuring short-term performance responses in animals under acute exposure to critical thermal maximums. The OCLTT hypothesis, however, emphasises the importance of sustained animal performance over acute tolerance. The present study tested the effect of chronic hypoxia and hyperoxia during development on medium to long-term performance indicators at temperatures spanning the optimal temperature for growth in the speckled cockroach, Nauphoeta cinerea. In contrast to the predictions of the OCLTT hypothesis, development under hypoxia did not significantly reduce growth rate or running performance, and development under hyperoxia did not significantly increase growth rate or running performance. The effect of developmental temperature and oxygen on tracheal morphology and metabolic rate were also not consistent with OCLTT predictions, suggesting that oxygen delivery capacity is not the primary driver shaping thermal tolerance in this species. Collectively, these findings suggest that the OCLTT hypothesis does not explain moderate-to-long-term thermal performance in Nauphoeta cinerea, which raises further questions about the generality of the hypothesis.

Brad A. Seibel and Curtis Deutsch

The capacity to extract oxygen from the environment and transport it to respiring tissues in support of metabolic demand reportedly has implications for species’ thermal tolerance, body-size, diversity and biogeography. Here we derive a quantifiable linkage between maximum and basal metabolic rate and their oxygen, temperature and size dependencies. We show that, regardless of size or temperature, the physiological capacity for oxygen supply precisely matches the maximum evolved demand at the highest persistently available oxygen pressure and this is the critical PO₂ for the maximum metabolic rate. For most terrestrial and shallow-living marine species, this "P_crit-max" is the current atmospheric pressure, 21 kPa. Any reduction in oxygen partial pressure from current values will result in a calculable decrement in maximum metabolic performance. However, oxygen supply capacity has evolved to match demand across temperatures and body sizes and so does not constrain thermal tolerance or cause the well-known reduction in mass-specific metabolic rate with increasing body mass. The critical oxygen pressure for resting metabolic rate, typically viewed as an indicator of hypoxia tolerance, is, instead, simply a rate-specific reflection of the oxygen supply capacity. A compensatory reduction in maintenance metabolic costs in warm-adapted species constrains factorial aerobic scope and the critical PO₂ to a similar range, between ~2 and 6, across each species’ natural temperature range. The simple new relationship described here redefines many important physiological concepts and alters their ecological interpretation.

Christine Elizabeth Cooper, Laura Leilani Hurley, Pierre Deviche, and Simon Charles Griffith

Desert birds inhabit hot, dry environments that are becoming hotter and drier as a consequence of climate change. Extreme weather such as heatwaves can cause mass-mortality events that may significantly impact populations and species. There are currently insufficient data concerning physiological plasticity to inform models of species’ response to extreme events and develop mitigation strategies. Consequently, we examine here the physiological plasticity of a small desert bird in response to hot (mean maximum ambient temperature=42.7°C) and cooler (mean maximum ambient temperature=31.4°C) periods during a single Austral summer. We measured body mass, metabolic rate, evaporative water loss, and body temperature, along with blood parameters (corticosterone, glucose, and uric acid) of wild zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata; Gould 1837) to assess their physiological state and determine the mechanisms by which they respond to heatwaves. Hot days were not significant stressors; they did not result in modification of baseline blood parameters or an inability to maintain body mass, provided drinking water was available. During heatwaves, finches shifted their thermoneutral zone to higher temperatures. They reduced metabolic heat production, evaporative water loss and wet thermal conductance, and increased hyperthermia, especially when exposed to high ambient temperature. A consideration of the significant physiological plasticity that we have demonstrated to achieve more favourable heat and water balance is essential for effectively modelling and planning for the impacts of climate change on biodiversity.

Growing evidence indicates that oxidative and endoplasmic reticular stress, which trigger changes in ion channels and inflammatory pathways that may undermine cellular homeostasis and survival, are critical determinants of injury in the diabetic kidney. Cells are normally able to mitigate these cellular stresses by maintaining high levels of autophagy, an intracellular lysosome-dependent degradative pathway that clears the cytoplasm of dysfunctional organelles. However, the capacity for autophagy in both podocytes and renal tubular cells is markedly impaired in type 2 diabetes, and this deficiency contributes importantly to the intensity of renal injury. The primary drivers of autophagy in states of nutrient and oxygen deprivation—sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1α and HIF-2α)—can exert renoprotective effects by promoting autophagic flux and by exerting direct effects on sodium transport and inflammasome activation. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by marked suppression of SIRT1 and AMPK, leading to a diminution in autophagic flux in glomerular podocytes and renal tubules and markedly increasing their susceptibility to renal injury. Importantly, because insulin acts to depress autophagic flux, these derangements in nutrient deprivation signaling are not ameliorated by antihyperglycemic drugs that enhance insulin secretion or signaling. Metformin is an established AMPK agonist that can promote autophagy, but its effects on the course of CKD have been demonstrated only in the experimental setting. In contrast, the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter–2 (SGLT2) inhibitors may be related primarily to enhanced SIRT1 and HIF-2α signaling; this can explain the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors to promote ketonemia and erythrocytosis and potentially underlies their actions to increase autophagy and mute inflammation in the diabetic kidney. These distinctions may contribute importantly to the consistent benefit of SGLT2 inhibitors to slow the deterioration in glomerular function and reduce the risk of ESKD in large-scale randomized clinical trials of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Taurine is one of the most abundant amino acids in mammalian tissues. It is obtained from the diet and by de novo synthesis from cysteic acid or hypotaurine. Despite the discovery in 1954 that the oxygenation of hypotaurine produces taurine, the identification of an enzyme catalyzing this reaction has remained elusive. In large part, this is due to the incorrect assignment, in 1962, of the enzyme as an NAD-dependent hypotaurine dehydrogenase. For more than 55 years, the literature has continued to refer to this enzyme as such. Here we show, both in vivo and in vitro, that the enzyme that oxygenates hypotaurine to produce taurine is flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) 1. Metabolite analysis of the urine of Fmo1-null mice by ¹H NMR spectroscopy revealed a buildup of hypotaurine and a deficit of taurine in comparison with the concentrations of these compounds in the urine of wild-type mice. In vitro assays confirmed that human FMO1 catalyzes the conversion of hypotaurine to taurine, utilizing either NADPH or NADH as cofactor. FMO1 has a wide substrate range and is best known as a xenobiotic- or drug-metabolizing enzyme. The identification that the endogenous molecule hypotaurine is a substrate for the FMO1-catalyzed production of taurine resolves a long-standing mystery. This finding should help establish the role FMO1 plays in a range of biologic processes in which taurine or its deficiency is implicated, including conjugation of bile acids, neurotransmitter, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions, and the pathogenesis of obesity and skeletal muscle disorders.

A significant part of mélanges recognized in exhumed convergent margins around the world has been recently documented to have chiefly originated from masse transport and subsurface remobilization and disruption (i.e. mélanges, from sedimentary and mud–serpentinite diapiric processes and from in situ fluidification–disruption). Tectonic and/or sedimentary processes occurring during subsequent multiple deformational events of convergent margin evolution commonly overprint and significantly rework the primary (sedimentary or diapiric) mélange fabric, forming polygenetic mélanges. This ultimately complicates their distinction from true tectonic mélanges, masking part of the recorded tectono-sedimentary evolution of the associated convergent margin. The contributions gathered in this thematic collection explore with different approaches (from field structural and stratigraphic observations to geophysical analyses) different types of polygenetic mélange, at various scales, around the world. These studies conclude that the understanding of this type of mélange may provide crucial insights for a more detailed interpretation of the evolution of ancient and modern convergent margins, and of processes and mechanisms triggering potential natural hazards (earthquakes and tsunamis). Case studies include the Apennines in the Central Mediterranean region, the Carpathians in Central Europe and the Nankai Prism in Japan.

Thematic collection: This article is part of the ‘Polygenetic mélanges: a glimpse on tectonic sedimentary and diapiric recycling in convergent margins’ collection available at https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/polygenetic-melanges

Helicobacter pylori is an important risk factor for gastric ulcers. However, antibacterial therapies increase the resistance rate and decrease the eradication rate of H. pylori. Inspired by the microaerophilic characteristics of H. pylori, we aimed at effectively establishing an oxygen-enriched environment to eradicate and prevent the recurrence of H. pylori. The effect and the mechanism of an oxygen-enriched environment in eradicating H. pylori and preventing the recurrence were explored in vitro and in vivo. During oral administration and after drug withdrawal, H. pylori counts were evaluated by Giemsa staining in animal cohorts. An oxygen-enriched environment in which H. pylori could not survive was successfully established by adding hydrogen peroxide into several solutions and rabbit gastric juice. Hydrogen peroxide effectively killed H. pylori in Columbia blood agar and special peptone broth. Minimum inhibition concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations of hydrogen peroxide were both relatively stable after promotion of resistance for 30 generations, indicating that hydrogen peroxide did not easily promote resistance in H. pylori. In models of Mongolian gerbils and Kunming mice, hydrogen peroxide has been shown to significantly eradicate and effectively prevent the recurrence of H. pylori without toxicity and damage to the gastric mucosa. The mechanism of hydrogen peroxide causing H. pylori death was related to the disruption of bacterial cell membranes. The oxygen-enriched environment achieved by hydrogen peroxide eradicates and prevents the recurrence of H. pylori by damaging bacterial cell membranes. Hydrogen peroxide thus provides an attractive candidate for anti-H. pylori treatment.

To obtain the optimal dosage regimen in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), we developed a population pharmacokinetics model for cefpirome and performed pharmacodynamic analyses. This prospective study included 15 patients treated with cefpirome during ECMO. Blood samples were collected during ECMO (ECMO-ON) and after ECMO (ECMO-OFF) at predose and 0.5 to 1, 2 to 3, 4 to 6, 8 to 10, and 12 h after cefpirome administration. The population pharmacokinetic model was developed using nonlinear mixed effects modeling and stepwise covariate modeling. Monte Carlo simulation was used to assess the probability of target attainment (PTA) and cumulative fraction of response (CFR) according to the MIC distribution. Cefpirome pharmacokinetics were best described by a two-compartment model. Covariate analysis indicated that serum creatinine concentration (SCr) was negatively correlated with clearance, and the presence of ECMO increased clearance and the central volume of distribution. The simulations showed that patients with low SCr during ECMO-ON had lower PTA than patients with high SCr during ECMO-OFF; so, a higher dosage of cefpirome was required. Cefpirome of 2 g every 8 h for intravenous bolus injection or 2 g every 12 h for extended infusion over 4 h was recommended with normal kidney function receiving ECMO. We established a population pharmacokinetic model for cefpirome in patients with ECMO, and appropriate cefpirome dosage regimens were recommended. The impact of ECMO could be due to the change in patient status on consideration of the small population and uncertainty in covariate relationships. Dose optimization of cefpirome may improve treatment success and survival in patients receiving ECMO. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT02581280.)

Competition ushers in new era to recognise the country’s standout real estate projects and senior leaders.

Honouring real estate developers who are relentless in their pursuit to be socially and environmentally responsible.

A leading theory for the formation of the moon is that a planet called Theia smashed into the early Earth, but doubts remain. Now a new analysis of lunar rock supports this idea

बीते बुधवार को सरकार ने फीचर फोन और लैंडलाइन यूजर्स के लिए आईवीआरएस सेवा लॉन्च की थी। वहीं, अब सरकार जियोफोन यूजर्स के लिए अलग से आरोग्य सेतु मोबाइल एप को पेश करने की तैयारी कर रही है।

शॉर्ट वीडियो एप लाईकी ज्वाइन करने का मतबल लाईकी के लाखों यूजर्स को रियल टाइम में कोरोना के संक्रमण के बारे में जानकारी देना और रोकधाम के उपाय को बताना है।

Schools are installing hand-washing troughs in playgrounds and preparing to mark out two-metre lines to keep parents apart as they drop off their children in anticipation of the coronavirus lockdown ending.

The hospital trust that treated London's first coronavirus cases almost ran out of oxygen as hundreds of patients fought for their lives, it can be revealed.

'By expanding our thinking of how oceans behaved in the past, we could gain some insights into oceans today,' says scientist at Stanford University

He claimed only approved celebrities were permitted to talk to host at awards after party

You could be excused for thinking that, of course, all animals breathe oxygen to live. Because it wasn't until very recently that scientists discovered the only multicellular animal that doesn't. Meet Henneguya salminicola.

She’s also challenging other celebrities to set up testing.

"We are all in this together."

A new paper published in the American Journal of Infection Control (AJIC), finds improved everyday hygiene practices, such as hand-washing, reduces the risk of common infections by up to 50%, reducing the need for antibiotics, by up to 30%. Global experts responsible for the Paper, are now calling for home and community hygiene to become part of strategic AMR plans to reduce hundreds of thousands of deaths globally each year.

ZOLL Medical, a part of the Asahi Kasei Group, won EU clearance for its SuperSaturated Oxygen (SSO2) Therapy System to be used to minimize the damage that heart attacks cause within heart muscle. Approved about a year ago in the United States, SSO2 is the only option beyond percutaneous coronary intervention (stenting) that can help […]

MoneyGram International Inc. – a global money services business headquartered in Dallas – has agreed to forfeit $100 million and enter into a deferred prosecution agreement (DPA) with the Justice Department in which it admits to criminally aiding and abetting wire fraud and failing to maintain an effective anti-money laundering program, as charged in an information filed today in the Middle District of Pennsylvania.

When Go Play! announced a competition to design an innovative playground for 1,000 refugee children along the border of Thailand and Burma, Dutch designer AnneMarie van Splunter thought of old car tires. To

It costs very little, distracts kids for longer, and minimizes clutter around the house. In other words, it's every parent's dream come true.

This flexible interior design for a collaborative workspace has plenty of hammocks and giant exercise balls to keep its co-working members happy.

Apparently kids are meant to be seen and not heard.

For those of us who actually live in rustic homes in cold climates, the household items that define the 'hygge' decorating trend are a matter of survival.