Italian translation of the BIS press release about the BIS Quarterly Review, September 2018

Italian translation of the BIS Quarterly Review, September 2018

Italian translation of the BIS press release about the BIS Quarterly Review, December 2018

Italian translation of the BIS Quarterly Review, December 2018

Italian translation of the BIS Quarterly Review, March 2019

Italian translation of the BIS press release about the BIS Quarterly Review, March 2019

Italian translation of the BIS press release on the presentation of the Annual Economic Report 2019, 30 June 2019.

Italian version of BIS Press Release - BIS Quarterly Review, 1 March 2020 - Definire il futuro dei pagamenti: Rassegna trimestrale BRI

French translation of BIS Papers No 99 - Central banks and debt: emerging risks to the effectiveness of monetary policy in Africa?, October 2018.

Spanish version of executive summary of report on Central bank digital currencies published by the Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (CPMI) and the Markets Committee, March 2018.

Spanish version of Press release about CPMI and the Markets Committee issuing a report on "Central bank digital currencies" (12 March 2018)

Spanish translation of the Press Release on the pre-release of two special chapters of the Annual Economic Report of the BIS, 17 June 2018. Trust is the missing link in today's cryptocurrencies - Cryptocurrencies' model of generating trust limits their potential to replace conventional money, the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) writes in its Annual Economic Report (AER), a new title launched this year.

People have been giving presentations for thousands of years, from Moses with his stone tablets to Elon Musk revealing his grand plans to colonize Mars. While the elements of a great pitchman generally have remained the same over the past 5,000 years -- conviction, charisma, credibility -- today's successful presenters do more than just get in front of an audience and talk.

Contact tracing is a big job, like trying to drain an ocean with a teaspoon. It involves finding people who have been exposed to the coronavirus and testing them to determine if they are infected or are carriers. Public health officials then can take necessary steps to prevent the virus' spread. It's a perfect fit for CRM, and Salesforce's core technology is coming to the forefront.

Lecture by Claudio Borio, Head of the Monetary and Economic Department, at the University of Zürich, Zürich, 19 November 2019.

Endogenous neuropeptide Y (NPY) and corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) modulate the responses of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) to stress and are associated with the development of stress resilience and vulnerability, respectively. We characterized persistent effects of repeated NPY and CRF treatment on the structure and function of BLA principal neurons in a novel organotypic slice culture (OTC) model of male rat BLA, and examined the contributions of specific NPY receptor subtypes to these neural and behavioral effects. In BLA principal neurons within the OTCs, repeated NPY treatment caused persistent attenuation of excitatory input and induced dendritic hypotrophy via Y₅ receptor activation; conversely, CRF increased excitatory input and induced hypertrophy of BLA principal neurons. Repeated treatment of OTCs with NPY followed by an identical treatment with CRF, or vice versa, inhibited or reversed all structural changes in OTCs. These structural responses to NPY or CRF required calcineurin or CaMKII, respectively. Finally, repeated intra-BLA injections of NPY or a Y₅ receptor agonist increased social interaction, a validated behavior for anxiety, and recapitulated structural changes in BLA neurons seen in OTCs, while a Y₅ receptor antagonist prevented NPY's effects both on behavior and on structure. These results implicate the Y₅ receptor in the long-term, anxiolytic-like effects of NPY in the BLA, consistent with an intrinsic role in stress buffering, and highlight a remarkable mechanism by which BLA neurons may adapt to different levels of stress. Moreover, BLA OTCs offer a robust model to study mechanisms associated with resilience and vulnerability to stress in BLA.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Within the basolateral amygdala (BLA), neuropeptide Y (NPY) is associated with buffering the neural stress response induced by corticotropin releasing factor, and promoting stress resilience. We used a novel organotypic slice culture model of BLA, complemented with in vivo studies, to examine the cellular mechanisms associated with the actions of NPY. In organotypic slice cultures, repeated NPY treatment reduces the complexity of the dendritic extent of anxiogenic BLA principal neurons, making them less excitable. NPY, via activation of Y5 receptors, additionally inhibits and reverses the increases in dendritic extent and excitability induced by the stress hormone, corticotropin releasing factor. This NPY-mediated neuroplasticity indicates that resilience or vulnerability to stress may thus involve neuropeptide-mediated dendritic remodeling in BLA principal neurons.

Persistent alterations in neuronal activity elicit homeostatic plastic changes in synaptic transmission and/or intrinsic excitability. However, it is unknown whether these homeostatic processes operate in concert or at different temporal scales to maintain network activity around a set-point value. Here we show that chronic neuronal hyperactivity, induced by M-channel inhibition, triggered intrinsic and synaptic homeostatic plasticity at different timescales in cultured hippocampal pyramidal neurons from mice of either sex. Homeostatic changes of intrinsic excitability occurred at a fast timescale (1–4 h) and depended on ongoing spiking activity. This fast intrinsic adaptation included plastic changes in the threshold current and a distal relocation of FGF14, a protein physically bridging Na_v1.6 and K_v7.2 channels along the axon initial segment. In contrast, synaptic adaptations occurred at a slower timescale (~2 d) and involved decreases in miniature EPSC amplitude. To examine how these temporally distinct homeostatic responses influenced hippocampal network activity, we quantified the rate of spontaneous spiking measured by multielectrode arrays at extended timescales. M-Channel blockade triggered slow homeostatic renormalization of the mean firing rate (MFR), concomitantly accompanied by a slow synaptic adaptation. Thus, the fast intrinsic adaptation of excitatory neurons is not sufficient to account for the homeostatic normalization of the MFR. In striking contrast, homeostatic adaptations of intrinsic excitability and spontaneous MFR failed in hippocampal GABAergic inhibitory neurons, which remained hyperexcitable following chronic M-channel blockage. Our results indicate that a single perturbation such as M-channel inhibition triggers multiple homeostatic mechanisms that operate at different timescales to maintain network mean firing rate.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Persistent alterations in synaptic input elicit homeostatic plastic changes in neuronal activity. Here we show that chronic neuronal hyperexcitability, induced by M-type potassium channel inhibition, triggered intrinsic and synaptic homeostatic plasticity at different timescales in hippocampal excitatory neurons. The data indicate that the fast adaptation of intrinsic excitability depends on ongoing spiking activity but is not sufficient to provide homeostasis of the mean firing rate. Our results show that a single perturbation such as M-channel inhibition can trigger multiple homeostatic processes that operate at different timescales to maintain network mean firing rate.

After abdicating the British throne, Edward was appointed governor of the Bahamas, where he temporarily lived in a lavish home in Nassau

Caernarfon, where the discovery was made, was key to Edward I's conquest of the Welsh

A sweeping new study of 101 mammal species found that females live, on average, 18.6 percent longer than their male counterparts

In its first year, the class attracted more than 1,200 students. The online version is abbreviated, but free

Titles related to "home-life" subjects—like preserving and canning—have also experienced a boost in sales

A new study ties the ousting of women directors, actors, producers and screenwriters to the rise of entertainment studios

Nuclear bomb tests caused a spike in a radioactive form of carbon that accumulated in living things

The children's book author and illustrator purchased the repurposed World War II vessel in 1967

A newly identified trio of chemicals may help the primates find a mate

Researchers tracked changes in the crocodilian creatures’ inner ears to learn how they moved into the sea

The find could help pin down when the South Pole turned icy

The Catholic Church's actions during World War II have long been a matter of historical debate

Smithsonian curator Eleanor Jones Harvey explains why this revolutionary 19th-century thought leader is due for a reconsideration

A 17-year-old boy from Riverview, N.B., has died after the small motorbike he was riding collided with a minivan in Lower Coverdale, a settlement southeast of Moncton. 

<span class="topsy_trackback_comment"><span class="topsy_twitter_username"><span class="topsy_trackback_content">RT @imconair Song Contest: Raab und Engelke sollen Eurovision-Finale moderieren http://bit.ly/fsr6gD #IMCRadio.net: Song Contest: Raa...</span></span>

A new study facilitated by the Workplace Safety and Insurance Board of Ontario states miners who were forced to inhale an aluminum powder were found to have a higher risk of Parkinson’s disease.

British product designer Lucy Hughes has invented a biodegradable plastic made from fish offcuts

Press release: CPMI report sets out considerations for developers of wholesale digital tokens, 12 December 2019

A number of fishing zones in the Gulf of St. Lawrence have been closed after North Atlantic right whales were sighted earlier this week.

As the Montreal area continues to be the Canadian epicentre of the COVID-19 outbreak, anyone showing symptoms of the virus is being asked to get tested.

Contact tracing is a big job, like trying to drain an ocean with a teaspoon. It involves finding people who have been exposed to the coronavirus and testing them to determine if they are infected or are carriers. Public health officials then can take necessary steps to prevent the virus' spread. It's a perfect fit for CRM, and Salesforce's core technology is coming to the forefront.

Salesforce has announced a new version of Work.com designed to help businesses function safely during the COVID-19 pandemic. "Work.com is a completely new initiative using an existing domain name that we previously owned," said Salesforce spokesperson Joel Steinfeld. "Our focus is on speed and moving as quickly as possible to help our customers, and Work.com is an optimal way to do that.

The craft brewing industry in P.E.I. is suffering, with sales down from about 40 to 80 per cent.

1. Some White House staff to wear masks after valet tests positive: Trump  Times of India
2. U.S. President Trump says will be tested for coronavirus daily  The Hindu
3. US VP Mike Pence’s staffer, married to a Trump aide, tests positive for Covid-19  Livemint
4. Trump's U-turn on the coronavirus task force wasn't really a U-turn at all  The Independent
5. Aide to Vice President Pence tests positive for coronavirus  Times of India
6. View Full coverage on Google News

A few things will go back to “normal” once the COVID-19 pandemic is under control, but somethings may not. The...

The post After Price Wars and A Pandemic, What’s Next for U.S. Shale? appeared first on OpenMarkets.

As part of the province's approach to curbing the COVID-19 pandemic, there are a number of rules in place that people have to follow. Kitchener and Waterloo bylaw officials offer some insight on what's allowed and what's not.

Ralph Goodale says building water diversion conduits in Lake Diefenbaker could help grow Saskatchewan's economy and environment but it comes with a $3 billion price tag.

Officials with the Saskatchewan Health Authority have said people are still gathering and drinking together which has contributed to the spread of the virus.

An evacuation order and alert have been issued for eight properties near Quesnel, British Columbia, due to risk of a landslide from flooding.

A B.C. fentanyl trafficker with a history of ignoring court orders is seeking “exceptional parole” because of COVID-19, despite the fact he’s only one year into an eight-year sentence.

Retail sales measure the total receipts at stores that sell merchandise and related services to final consumers. Sales are by retail and food services stores. Data are collected from the Monthly Retail Trade Survey conducted by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Essentially, retail sales cover the durables and nondurables portions of consumer spending. Consumer spending typically accounts for about two-thirds of GDP and is therefore a key element in economic growth. Of special attention is the control group; this is an input into the consumer spending component of GDP and excludes food services, autos, gasoline and building materials.