av

SAFCO Sustainable Aviation Fuel Project




av

Aid for Trade in Asia and the Pacific: Navigating Climate Policy Dynamics for Sustainable Trade Competitiveness

This report emphasizes that open and fair trade is essential for Asia and the Pacific’s transition to low-carbon economies and outlines the important role of Aid for Trade in this transition.




av

The inside story of heroic efforts to save three bird species

The graft involved in trying to bring the peregrine falcon, Hawaiian crow and California condor back from the brink in the US makes for compelling reading in Feather Trails by Sophie Osborn




av

A surprisingly wide range of bacteria live inside microwaves

Microwaves in homes, offices and laboratories have been found to host diverse microbiomes, highlighting the importance of regular cleaning




av

Endangered skates saved from extinction by hatching in captivity

The Maugean skate (Zearaja maugeana) is only found in one habitat in Australia, which is under threat from human activity. Now the species has been saved from extinction by hatching in captivity




av

David Attenborough's latest explores the lives of an orangutan family

The veteran presenter adds authority to Secret Lives of Orangutans, a film about a family of endangered orangutans in Sumatra. File this new entry in his vast oeuvre under lovable but lightweight




av

Wild bees have found a surprising place to nest in cities

A survey found 66 species of insects making their homes in cobbled pavements on the streets of Berlin, and greater biodiversity near insect-friendly flower gardens




av

Pregnant shark that disappeared may have been eaten by another shark

Tracking data from a pregnant porbeagle shark near Bermuda suggest it was eaten by a great white shark – a kind of predation that has never been seen before




av

Cats have brain activity recorded with the help of crocheted hats

Custom-made wool caps have enabled scientists to record electroencephalograms in awake cats for the first time, which could help assess their pain levels




av

Some flowers may have evolved long stems to be better ‘seen’ by bats

Echolocating bats can more easily find and pollinate long-stemmed flowers that stand out from the surrounding foliage, which may be why this floral trait evolved




av

Dinosaurs may have run like emus by keeping one foot on the ground

It seems to be more energy efficient for emus to keep one foot on the ground when running at a moderate pace, and the same may have been true for dinosaurs




av

These fish have evolved legs that can find and taste buried food

Northern sea robins are formidable marine hunters, and they owe their success to modified fin rays that let them find prey buried in the seabed




av

Preserved tracks suggest non-avian dinosaurs used their wings to run

Not all winged dinosaurs were necessarily capable of full flight, but this anatomical feature may have enabled them to travel further by flapping or gliding




av

Marmots could have the solution to a long-running debate in evolution

When it comes to the survival of animals living in the wild, the characteristics of the group can matter as much as the traits of the individual, according to a study in marmots




av

Chimps do better at difficult tasks when they have an audience

An analysis of thousands of cognitive tests carried out by chimpanzees finds that the number of spectators influenced their performance in different ways depending on the difficulty of the task




av

How to easily satisfy your salt cravings without damaging your health

Could potassium fortification be the answer we're looking for when it comes to battling our unhealthy addiction to salt?




av

How to avoid being fooled by AI-generated misinformation

Advances in generative AI mean fake images, videos, audio and bots are now everywhere. But studies have revealed the best ways to tell if something is real




av

The astrophysicist unravelling the origins of supermassive black holes

How did the supermassive black holes we’re now seeing in the early universe get so big so fast? Astrophysicist Sophie Koudmani is using sophisticated galaxy simulations to figure it out




av

Why we avoid effort even though it can improve our well-being

Understanding the “effort paradox” can help you reshape your relationship to exertion so that you commit to those hard but truly meaningful activities




av

A cave in France is revealing how the Neanderthals died out

Discoveries from the genomes of the last Neanderthals are rewriting the story of how our own species came to replace them




av

Energy expert Vaclav Smil on how to feed the world without trashing it

The systems we use to produce food have many problems, from horrifying waste to their dependence on fossil fuels. Vaclav Smil explains how to fix them




av

If an asteroid were heading towards Earth, could you avert disaster?

From nuclear strikes to giant spikes, discover the systems in place to prevent a collision and test your decision-making to see if you could avoid a catastrophic impact




av

Claudia de Rham: In search of the true nature of gravity

Claudia de Rham has spent much of her life dedicated to unravelling the true nature of gravity, thinking deeply about gravitons, the hypothetical carrier of this enigmatic force




av

Physicists have worked out how to melt any material

A new equation shows a surprisingly simple relationship between pressure and the temperature needed to melt any solid substance into a liquid




av

The physicist searching for quantum gravity in gravitational rainbows

Claudia de Rham thinks that gravitons, hypothetical particles thought to carry gravity, have mass. If she’s right, we can expect to see “rainbows” in ripples in space-time




av

Single atoms captured morphing into quantum waves in startling image

In the 1920s, Erwin Schrödinger wrote an equation that predicts how particles-turned-waves should behave. Now, researchers are perfectly recreating those predictions in the lab




av

A new kind of experiment at the LHC could unravel quantum reality

The Large Hadron Collider is testing entanglement in a whole new energy range, probing the meaning of quantum theory – and the possibility that an even stranger reality lies beneath




av

How indefinite causality could lead us to a theory of quantum gravity

Experiments show that effect doesn’t always follow cause in the weird world of subatomic particles, offering fresh clues about the quantum origins of space-time




av

Quantum time travel: The experiment to 'send a particle into the past'

Time loops have long been the stuff of science fiction. Now, using the rules of quantum mechanics, we have a way to effectively transport a particle back in time – here’s how




av

Quantum ‘super behaviour’ could create energy seemingly from nothing

It should be possible to combine several quantum states, each with almost no energy, to create a single quantum state containing unexpectedly energy-rich regions




av

Particle physicists may have solved a strange mystery about the muon

A subatomic particle called the muon caused waves when its experimental behaviour didn't align with a prediction based on the standard model. A new calculation might resolve the discrepancy – but some particle physicists are sceptical




av

Time travel sci-fi novel is a rip-roaringly good thought experiment

An ordinary-looking valley has a secret – each of its neighbours is 20 years removed in time. Scott Alexander Howard's debut is heartfelt and deeply enjoyable, says Emily H. Wilson




av

How Einstein was both right and wrong about gravitational waves

A century ago, Albert Einstein suggested that the universe might contain ripples in space-time, known as gravitational waves – but then he changed his mind




av

Fuzzy quantum effects have been seen on the largest scale yet

A weird quantum phenomenon called delocalisation has been measured for a 100-nanometre glass bead, helping reveal where the boundary lies between quantum and classical physics




av

This antimatter version of an atomic nucleus is the heaviest yet

Smashing gold nuclei together at high speeds billions of times has resulted in 16 particles of antihyperhydrogen-4, a very exotic and heavy form of antimatter




av

Freak waves may be more dangerous than we thought possible

Experiments in a state-of-the-art wave tank suggest we have underestimated the potential size and power of rogue waves and the risk they pose to offshore infrastructure




av

Light has been seen leaving an atom cloud before it entered

Particles of light can spend "negative time" passing through a cloud of extremely cold atoms – without breaking the laws of physics




av

This test could reveal whether gravity is subject to quantum weirdness

If gravity is a truly quantum entity, something as simple as measuring the strength of an object’s gravitational field should change its quantum state




av

Oxygen on early Earth may have come from quartz crushed by earthquakes

Billions of years ago, crushed quartz reacting with water could have created the conditions needed for the evolution of the photosynthetic microbes responsible for most of the oxygen now in Earth’s atmosphere




av

Humans have pumped so much groundwater, we’ve shifted Earth’s axis

Changes in the distribution of groundwater around the planet between 1993 and 2010 were enough to make Earth's poles drift by 80 centimetres




av

There's a gravity 'hole' in the Indian Ocean and now we may know why

Earth appears to have less mass beneath a certain part of the Indian Ocean compared with the rest of the planet. Plumes of magma at the location could explain why




av

Sea level may have been higher than it is now just 6000 years ago

Climate researchers thought that current global average sea levels were the highest in more than 100,000 years, but new models suggest oceans just 6000 years ago may have been higher than at the beginning of the industrial revolution, and possibly even higher than today




av

Vast submerged area near Australia may once have hosted 500,000 people

An area of the seabed north of Australia has been mapped in detail for the first time, revealing that large numbers of people could have lived there until it was inundated by rising seas




av

Lightning during volcanic eruptions may have sparked life on Earth

Lightning strikes during volcanic eruptions could have provided nitrogen in a form that was needed by early life forms




av

Snow and rising sea levels may have triggered Japan's earthquake swarm

In an ongoing swarm of earthquakes that began hitting Japan in 2020, the shifting weight of surface water may have spurred the shaking




av

Cave diver explores a Mexican sinkhole in atmospheric photograph

This claustrophobia-inducing image is taken from photographer Martin Broen's new book Light in the Underworld, a collection of shots from the Yucatán’s cenotes, or sinkholes




av

Greenland landslide caused freak wave that shook Earth for nine days

Seismologists were mystified by a strange signal that persisted for nine days in 2023 – now its source has been identified as a standing wave caused by a landslide in Greenland




av

Earth may once have had a ring like Saturn

A ring of asteroid debris could have orbited Earth for tens of millions of years, and perhaps even have altered the planet's climate




av

Flu viruses have evolved proteins that let them break through mucus

Computer simulations of how influenza A moves through human mucus found it is ideally configured to slide through the sticky stuff on its way to infecting cells




av

Clean energy rollout means China’s emissions may have peaked

China's carbon emissions may have peaked in 2023, as figures suggest its output has plateaued so far in 2024