canyon Business Opportunity Announced for Contracts for River Running on the Colorado River within Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Mon, 12 Feb 2018 11:15:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park Superintendent Christine Lehnertz has announced the availability of a prospectus for 16 business opportunities to provide guided whitewater tours on the Colorado River. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/river-running-prospectus.htm Full Article
canyon Tusayan Route Shuttle Bus Operations to begin March 1- Park and Ride; weâll be Your Guide at Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Tue, 20 Feb 2018 04:22:00 EST The National Park Service will again offer shuttle bus service between Grand Canyon National Park and the neighboring town of Tusayan in 2018, starting March 1. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/tusayan-route-2018.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park Announces 2019 Centennial Logo By www.nps.gov Published On :: Mon, 26 Feb 2018 06:43:00 EST In recognition of Grand Canyon National Park's 99th birthday, the National Park Service and Grand Canyon Association unveiled the logo for the park's upcoming 2019 Centennial. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/centennial-logo.htm Full Article
canyon Shuttle Bus Tips and Other Spring Break Hacks for Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Thu, 01 Mar 2018 05:31:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park visitors planning to hike, camp, recreate, and take in the breathtaking views of Grand Canyon National Park during spring break 2018 should also prepare for long lines and road construction. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/spring-break-hacks.htm Full Article
canyon Level 2 Water Restrictions Implemented at the South Rim of Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Wed, 14 Mar 2018 05:43:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park implemented Level 2 water conservation measures. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/south-rim-level-2.htm Full Article
canyon Level 3 Water Restrictions to be Implemented at the South Rim of Grand Canyon National Park on Friday, March 16 By www.nps.gov Published On :: Thu, 15 Mar 2018 13:50:00 EST On Friday, March 16, 2018 Grand Canyon National Park will begin phasing to Level 3 water restrictions and conservation measures due to a series of breaks in the Transcanyon Waterline. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/level-3-water-restrictions-to-be-implemented-at-the-south-rim-of-grand-canyon-national-park-on-friday-march-16.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon South Rim in Level 3 Water Restrictions; NPS Urges Visitors and Residents to Use Water Mindfully By www.nps.gov Published On :: Sat, 17 Mar 2018 10:13:00 EST The South Rim of Grand Canyon National Park has implemented Level 3 water restrictions following a series of breaks in the Transcanyon Waterline. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/level-3-restrictions.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park Changes Entrance Fee to Address Infrastructure Needs & Improve Visitor Experience By www.nps.gov Published On :: Thu, 12 Apr 2018 08:04:00 EST The National Park Service (NPS) announced today that Grand Canyon National Park will modify its entrance fees beginning June 1, 2018 to provide additional funding for infrastructure and maintenance needs that enhance the visitor experience. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/2018-entrance-fee-changes.htm Full Article
canyon Celebrate Earth Day at Grand Canyon during National Park Week Fee-Free Day By www.nps.gov Published On :: Fri, 13 Apr 2018 03:51:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park invites the public to celebrate Earth Day during National Park Week fee-free day on Saturday, April 21, 2018, at the Grand Canyon Visitor Center Plaza near Mather Point from 10 am to 2 pm. All Earth Day activities are free and open to the public. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/2018-earth-day-fee-free-day.htm Full Article
canyon North Rim of Grand Canyon National Park to Open Tuesday, May 15 for 2018 Season By www.nps.gov Published On :: Tue, 24 Apr 2018 04:57:00 EST The gate at the entrance to the North Rim of Grand Canyon National Park will open on Tuesday, May 15, 2018 at 7:30 am. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/north-rim-2018-season.htm Full Article
canyon Tourism to Grand Canyon National Park Creates Economic Benefits By www.nps.gov Published On :: Fri, 04 May 2018 07:26:00 EST A national park service report shows that more than 6.2 million visitors to Grand Canyon National Park in 2017 supported the local economy. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/2017-gcnp-economic-benefit.htm Full Article
canyon Astronomers to Provide Free Telescope Viewing at Grand Canyon National Park, June 9-16 By www.nps.gov Published On :: Wed, 09 May 2018 09:29:00 EST The 28th annual Grand Canyon Star Party will be held from Saturday, June 9 through Saturday, June 16, 2018 on the South and North Rims of Grand Canyon National Park. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/2018-star-party.htm Full Article
canyon Rangers at Grand Canyon National Park Remind Visitors to View Wildlife Safely By www.nps.gov Published On :: Wed, 16 May 2018 06:05:00 EST The National Park Service reminds visitors to enjoy Grand Canyon safely and to remember a visit to Grand Canyon is not like going to the zoo-there are no fences to separate you from real wild animals. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/view-wildlife-safely-2018-1.htm Full Article
canyon Fire Managers Remind Visitors and Residents of Very High Fire Danger at Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Thu, 31 May 2018 12:33:00 EST NPS fire managers remind visitors and residents that fire danger in the park is very high. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/reminder-of-very-high-fire-danger.htm Full Article
canyon Kaibab National Forest, Grand Canyon National Park to implement additional fire restrictions starting this Friday, June 8th By www.nps.gov Published On :: Tue, 05 Jun 2018 05:10:00 EST The U.S. Forest Service and National Park Service will implement additional fire restrictions, also known as Stage II fire restrictions, across the North Kaibab Ranger District, and the South Rim, North Rim and Inner Canyon of Grand Canyon National Park beginning at 8 a.m. this Friday. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/stage-2-fire-restrictions.htm Full Article
canyon Rangers Remind Visitors to Hike Smart at Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Tue, 12 Jun 2018 08:39:00 EST Visitors to Grand Canyon, especially inner canyon hikers, mule riders, and backpackers, need to prepare for excessively hot days in the coming weeks. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/hike-smart-reminder.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park will Implement Level 2 Water Restrictions on the North Rim on Monday, June 18 By www.nps.gov Published On :: Fri, 15 Jun 2018 04:50:00 EST Due to a malfunction in the pump that supplies water to the North Rim of Grand Canyon, the North Rim will enter Level 2 water restrictions on Monday, June 18, 2018. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/north-rim-level-2-water-restrictions.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park Will Ease North Rim Water Restrictions By www.nps.gov Published On :: Fri, 22 Jun 2018 10:57:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park Will Ease North Rim Water Restrictions https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/north-rim-water-restrictions.htm Full Article
canyon Rangers Strongly Urge Visitors to Hike Smart at Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Mon, 25 Jun 2018 08:09:00 EST National Park Rangers at Grand Canyon National Park are strongly urging visitors to Grand Canyon, especially inner canyon hikers, mule riders, and backpackers to be prepared for excessively hot days in the coming weeks. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/hike-smart-at-grand-canyon-national-park.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park invites the public to the 7th Annual Living History Event "Echoes from the Canyon" By www.nps.gov Published On :: Wed, 27 Jun 2018 12:57:00 EST In place of the park's nightly evening program, visitors can learn about characters from Grand Canyon's past as they come to life and share their stories about life on the rim. Opening night is Friday, June 29 at 8:30 pm at McKee Amphitheater with additional presentations on Friday, July 27; Saturday, July 28; and Sunday July 29. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/echoes-from-the-canyon-2018.htm Full Article
canyon Safety First at the Rim- Tips for Viewing Grand Canyon National Parkv By www.nps.gov Published On :: Tue, 03 Jul 2018 13:33:00 EST Safety First. A trip to Grand Canyon can be both fun and safe by keeping these few tips in mind. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/safety-first-at-the-rim-2018-07-03.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park Requests Public Input for Maswik South Lodging Complex Project By www.nps.gov Published On :: Thu, 12 Jul 2018 07:27:00 EST The National Park Service (NPS) is seeking public comment on a proposal to demolish and rebuild the Maswik South lodging complex (Maswik South), and to construct two new sections of road to improve traffic flow in the vicinity of Maswik South. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/maswik-south.htm Full Article
canyon Stage 2 Fire Restrictions to be Lifted at Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Thu, 12 Jul 2018 07:47:00 EST Increased monsoonal activity has significantly lowered the fire danger risk for Grand Canyon National Park. On Friday, July 13, 2018 at 8:00 am stage 2 fire restrictions will be rescinded for the entire Grand Canyon National Park. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/stage-2-fire-restrictions-lifted.htm Full Article
canyon Excessive Heat Warning Issued for Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Mon, 23 Jul 2018 11:05:00 EST The National Weather Service in Flagstaff, Ariz. has issued an excessive heat warning for the surrounding area, including Grand Canyon National Park at Phantom Ranch and Indian Gardens. This warning will be in effect from Monday, July 23 to Wednesday, July 25 at 8 p.m. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/excessive-heat-warning-issued-for-grand-canyon-national-park.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park Suppressing Three Fires on North Rim By www.nps.gov Published On :: Tue, 24 Jul 2018 12:21:00 EST Recent monsoonal activity in the region resulted in an several new lightning ignited fires on the North Rim of Grand Canyon National Park over the past several days. Fire crews are actively working to suppress three fires within Grand Canyon National Park. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/grand-canyon-nat-park-suppressing-3-fires-on-north-rim.htm Full Article
canyon Obi Fire on Grand Canyon National Park North Rim Grows to 578 Acres By www.nps.gov Published On :: Thu, 26 Jul 2018 11:56:00 EST The Obi Fire, which started on July 21st, is approximately 578 acres. Daytime growth was slower despite active surface fire in downed logs and needle cast and a few instances of single tree torching. The fire continues to move to the north and east displaying moderated fire behavior due to overcast skies and scattered light rain showers. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/obi-fire-grand-canyon-np-nrim-grows-to-578-acres.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park Awarded State Grant to Improve Highway Safety and Stop Impaired Driving By www.nps.gov Published On :: Fri, 27 Jul 2018 08:23:00 EST The Arizona Governorâs Office of Highway Safety, along with the DUI Abatement Council, granted Grand Canyon National Park $10,000 to improve highway safety and stop impaired driving. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/grand-canyon-national-park-awarded-state-grant-to-improve-highway-safety-and-stop-impaired-driving.htm Full Article
canyon Humpback Chub Successfully Released in Bright Angel Creek in Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Fri, 27 Jul 2018 11:59:00 EST On May 14, biologists with the National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Bureau of Reclamation released endangered humpback chub, an endangered fish species endemic to the Colorado River basin, into Bright Angel Creek - following six years of successful removal of nonnative trout. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/humpback-chub-release-ba-creek-may-2018.htm Full Article
canyon Joint News Release: Obi Fire on Grand Canyon National Park North Rim Grows to 743 Acres; New Start Stina Fire on Kaibab National Forest By www.nps.gov Published On :: Sat, 28 Jul 2018 09:08:00 EST The Obi Fire, which started on July 21st, is approximately 743 acres. Growth of the fire perimeter today was primarily in the northern and southeastern portion of the fire perimeter. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/obi-fire-nr-grandcanyon-743-acres-20180728.htm Full Article
canyon Joint News Release: Obi Fire on Grand Canyon National Park North Rim Grows to 941 Acres; Stina Fire on Kaibab National Forest Remains at 12 Acres By www.nps.gov Published On :: Sun, 29 Jul 2018 10:09:00 EST The Obi Fire is approximately 941 acres. Growth today was primarily in the northern and eastern portions of the fire perimeter. Light southwesterly winds throughout the day allowed fire to grow through pine needles and downed logs. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/obi-fire-nr-grandcanyon-941-acres-20180729.htm Full Article
canyon Obi Fire on Grand Canyon National Park North Rim Grows to 1000 Acres; Stina Fire on Kaibab National Forest Grows to 25 Acres By www.nps.gov Published On :: Mon, 30 Jul 2018 08:56:00 EST The Obi Fire is approximately 1000 acres. Growth today was primarily in the northern and eastern portions of the fire perimeter. Light southwesterly winds throughout the day allowed fire to grow through pine needles and downed logs. Fire behavior was active with single tree torching and surface fire of one to three foot flames where the fire was consuming dead logs. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/obi-fire-on-grand-canyon-national-park-north-rim-grows-to-1000-acres-stina-fire-on-kaibab-national-forest-grows-to-25-acres.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park Implements Temporary Road and Trail Closures on the North Rim; Obi Fire Grows to 2,270 Acres By www.nps.gov Published On :: Fri, 03 Aug 2018 16:32:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park will implement closures of the Cape Royal Road, Cape Final Trail, and Cliff Spring Trail tomorrow August 4th, 2018 at 9:00 pm. This closure is for public and firefighter safety as crews continue to prep the Walhalla Plateau. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/20180803-temporary-road-trail-closures-nr-obi-fire-2270-acres.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park Implements Temporary Road and Trail Closures on the North Rim; Obi Fire Grows to 3,350 Acres By www.nps.gov Published On :: Sun, 05 Aug 2018 04:46:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park has temporarily closed Cape Royal Road. Included in this closure are Cape Final Trail, Cliff Spring Trail, the northern section of the Ken Patrick Trail from Point Imperial to Cape Royal Road, and the southern section of the Ken Patrick Trail from Cape Royal Road to the old Bright Angel Trail. The road to Point Imperial and all other North Rim trails and facilities are open at this time. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/2018-08-05-north-rim-temporary-road-trail-closures-obi-fire-3350-acres.htm Full Article
canyon Obi Fire Grows to 7,420 Acres; Grand Canyon National Park Implements Temporary Road and Trail Closures on the North Rim By www.nps.gov Published On :: Tue, 07 Aug 2018 04:43:00 EST The Obi Fire is estimated at 7,420 acres. Growth today was primarily in the northern and eastern portions of the fire perimeter. Light southwesterly winds combined with dry, unstable air contributed to the fires growth. Fire behavior was active with isolated tree torching and surface fire of two to four foot flames where the fire was consuming dead logs. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/2018-08-07-obi-fire-7420-acres-temporary-road-trail-closures-nr.htm Full Article
canyon Current Grand Canyon National Park Closures as of August 8, 2018 By www.nps.gov Published On :: Wed, 08 Aug 2018 16:26:00 EST This is a summary of current fire related closures for Grand Canyon National Park. Today, new temporary trail closures were implemented that include the Nankoweap Trail, the Point Imperial Trail, and Fire Point on the North Rim. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/2018-08-08-current-grand-canyon-national-park-closures.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park Implements New Temporary Road and Trail Closures on the North Rim; Obi Fire Grows to 8,100 Acres By www.nps.gov Published On :: Fri, 10 Aug 2018 16:14:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park has implemented new temporary closures for public and firefighter safety. These include the Swamp Ridge Road, the North Bass Trail, and the Powell Plateau Trail. Fire Point, the Nankoweap Trail, and the Point Imperial Trail remain closed. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/20180810-grca-new-temp-road-trail-closures-obi-fire-8100-acres.htm Full Article
canyon Wildlife Biologists to Begin Gathering GPS Data for Elk at Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Mon, 20 Aug 2018 12:34:00 EST Wildlife biologists will be putting GPS collars on ten adult elk between late August and October of this year to gather movement data of the elk at Grand Canyon National Park. The GPS collar information will be used to inform the development of a draft elk management plan. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/wildlife-biologists-to-begin-gathering-gps-data-for-elk-at-grand-canyon-np.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park North Rim Operations Begin Seasonal Changes, October 16, 2018 By www.nps.gov Published On :: Fri, 14 Sep 2018 02:00:00 EST North Rim operations will begin seasonal changes on the morning of October 16, 2018. The North Rim transitions to reduced services with the Visitor Center, gift shop, campground and entrance station remaining open for visitor use. The Grand Canyon Lodge, food services, Canyon Trail Rides and park ranger programming will no longer be available. These operations will resume on May 15, 2019. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/grand-canyon-north-rim-operations-begin-seasonal-changes-oct-16-2018.htm Full Article
canyon Bat Tests Positive for Rabies in Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Fri, 14 Sep 2018 12:48:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park has received confirmation that a bat collected at Phantom Ranch on August 31, 2018 tested positive for rabies. The rabies positive bat did not come in contact with any visitors. All individuals who have had physical contact with a bat have been advised to seek medical attention and be assessed for appropriate medical treatment. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/bat-positive-for-rabies-in-grand-canyon-natl-park-09-14-2018.htm Full Article
canyon Celebrate National Public Lands Day at Grand Canyon National Park Fee-Free Day, September 22, 2018 By www.nps.gov Published On :: Tue, 18 Sep 2018 13:24:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park invites the public to celebrate the 25th anniversary of National Public Lands Day fee-free on September 22, 2018. This year in celebration of National Public Lands Day, the National Park Service(NPS) is focusing on restoration and resilience. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/celebrate-nat-public-lands-day-at-grand-canyon-np-fee-free-day-sept-22-2018.htm Full Article
canyon Business Opportunity Announced for the Hospitality Contract on North Rim of Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Wed, 19 Sep 2018 12:36:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park Superintendent Christine Lehnertz has announced the availability of a prospectus for a business opportunity in the park to provide lodging, food and beverage, retail, and other visitor services on the North Rim. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/business-opp-announced-for-hospitality-contract-on-n-rim-of-grand-canyon-nat-pk.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park Celebrates National Fossil Day By www.nps.gov Published On :: Mon, 01 Oct 2018 05:21:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park invites the public to celebrate National Fossil Day on Wednesday, October 17, 2018. Events are designed to celebrate National Fossil Day and will be held throughout the day to highlight the importance of fossils and their uses. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/national-fossil-day.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park in Water Conservation Measures By www.nps.gov Published On :: Wed, 03 Oct 2018 05:18:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park implemented Level 2 water conservation measures due to a series of breaks in the Transcanyon Waterline. Until park staff repairs the break and water in storage tanks reaches sustainable levels, the park will remain in conservation mode. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/level-2-restrictions-implemented-at-the-south-rim-of-grand-canyon-national-park.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon North Rim Transitions into Day Use November 1, 2018 By www.nps.gov Published On :: Thu, 04 Oct 2018 05:39:00 EST North Rim operations in Grand Canyon National Park will begin day use operations on Thursday November 1, 2018. At that time, the Visitor Center, Backcountry Office and Campground Kiosk will be closed. The Entrance Station will be unstaffed, but fees will continue to be collected via an automated machine. Limited park staff is present on the North Rim year-round https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/grand-canyon-north-rim-transitions-into-day-use-area-november-1-2018.htm Full Article
canyon Highway 89 Closure Affects Visitor Travel to North and South Rim of Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Thu, 04 Oct 2018 15:13:00 EST Highway 89 has been closed due to flooding and road wash out between Cameron and Highway 160 southwest of Tuba City. Grand Canyon National Park remains open to the public. However, detours are in place, extending travel times to the park. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/hwy-89-closure-affects-travel-to-n-and-s-rim-of-grand-canyon-nat-pk.htm Full Article
canyon Grand Canyon National Park Prepares for Potential Increase in Water Conservation Methods By www.nps.gov Published On :: Fri, 05 Oct 2018 11:27:00 EST Grand Canyon National Park implemented Level 2 water conservation measures on Wednesday, October 3, due to a series of breaks in the Transcanyon Waterline. This morning Water Utility staff at the park responded to another pipeline break. Additionally, attempts to pump water beyond Indian Garden yesterday failed. Park staff are currently assessing the situation and attempting to resolve the problem as quickly as possible. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/grand-canyon-nat-pk-prepares-for-potential-increase-in-water-conservation-methods.htm Full Article
canyon Highway 89 Has Reopened Between North and South Rim of Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Sat, 06 Oct 2018 06:31:00 EST The Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) has reopened US 89 between Cameron and US 160 on the Navajo Nation. Traffic has been restored in both directions following damage caused Wednesday by heavy rains. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/highway-89-has-reopened-between-north-and-south-rim-of-grand-cyn-nat-pk.htm Full Article
canyon National Park Service Requests Public Review of the Transcanyon Water Distribution Pipeline EA By www.nps.gov Published On :: Wed, 10 Oct 2018 10:01:00 EST The National Park Service (NPS) is seeking public comment on the Transcanyon Water Distribution Pipeline (Pipeline) Environmental Assessment (EA). Public comments will be accepted for a 30-day period from today, Wednesday, October 10 through Saturday, November 10, 2018. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/national-park-service-requests-public-review-of-the-transcanyon-water-distribution-pipeline-ea.htm Full Article
canyon Ranger Involved Incident Under Investigation at Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Thu, 11 Oct 2018 08:08:00 EST At approximately 1:00 am this morning, October 11, an officer involved shooting occurred on the South Rim of Grand Canyon National Park. The suspect is in custody at this time. The National Park Service (NPS) does not believe there to be any ongoing safety concerns for the public. The park remains open and all visitor services are available. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/ranger-involved-incident-under-investigation-at-grand-canyon-national-park.htm Full Article
canyon National Park Service seeking tips to aid double-fatality investigation in Grand Canyon National Park By www.nps.gov Published On :: Fri, 19 Oct 2018 08:03:00 EST National Park Service (NPS) Rangers of Grand Canyon National Park and Special Agents with the NPS Investigative Services Branch (ISB) are investigating a double-fatality that occurred at Grand Canyon National Park on, or around, September 18, 2018. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/nps-seeking-tips-to-aid-double-fatality-investigation-in-grand-canyon-national-park.htm Full Article