ca Bayes, Oracle Bayes and Empirical Bayes By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Thu, 18 Jul 2019 22:01 EDT Bradley Efron. Source: Statistical Science, Volume 34, Number 2, 177--201.Abstract: This article concerns the Bayes and frequentist aspects of empirical Bayes inference. Some of the ideas explored go back to Robbins in the 1950s, while others are current. Several examples are discussed, real and artificial, illustrating the two faces of empirical Bayes methodology: “oracle Bayes” shows empirical Bayes in its most frequentist mode, while “finite Bayes inference” is a fundamentally Bayesian application. In either case, modern theory and computation allow us to present a sharp finite-sample picture of what is at stake in an empirical Bayes analysis. Full Article
ca Comment: Contributions of Model Features to BART Causal Inference Performance Using ACIC 2016 Competition Data By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Fri, 12 Apr 2019 04:00 EDT Nicole Bohme Carnegie. Source: Statistical Science, Volume 34, Number 1, 90--93.Abstract: With a thorough exposition of the methods and results of the 2016 Atlantic Causal Inference Competition, Dorie et al. have set a new standard for reproducibility and comparability of evaluations of causal inference methods. In particular, the open-source R package aciccomp2016, which permits reproduction of all datasets used in the competition, will be an invaluable resource for evaluation of future methodological developments. Building upon results from Dorie et al., we examine whether a set of potential modifications to Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART)—multiple chains in model fitting, using the propensity score as a covariate, targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE), and computing symmetric confidence intervals—have a stronger impact on bias, RMSE, and confidence interval coverage in combination than they do alone. We find that bias in the estimate of SATT is minimal, regardless of the BART formulation. For purposes of CI coverage, however, all proposed modifications are beneficial—alone and in combination—but use of TMLE is least beneficial for coverage and results in considerably wider confidence intervals. Full Article
ca Comment: Causal Inference Competitions: Where Should We Aim? By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Fri, 12 Apr 2019 04:00 EDT Ehud Karavani, Tal El-Hay, Yishai Shimoni, Chen Yanover. Source: Statistical Science, Volume 34, Number 1, 86--89.Abstract: Data competitions proved to be highly beneficial to the field of machine learning, and thus expected to provide similar advantages in the field of causal inference. As participants in the 2016 and 2017 Atlantic Causal Inference Conference (ACIC) data competitions and co-organizers of the 2018 competition, we discuss the strengths of simulation-based competitions and suggest potential extensions to address their limitations. These suggested augmentations aim at making the data generating processes more realistic and gradually increase in complexity, allowing thorough investigations of algorithms’ performance. We further outline a community-wide competition framework to evaluate an end-to-end causal inference pipeline, beginning with a causal question and a database, and ending with causal estimates. Full Article
ca Comment on “Automated Versus Do-It-Yourself Methods for Causal Inference: Lessons Learned from a Data Analysis Competition” By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Fri, 12 Apr 2019 04:00 EDT Susan Gruber, Mark J. van der Laan. Source: Statistical Science, Volume 34, Number 1, 82--85.Abstract: Dorie and co-authors (DHSSC) are to be congratulated for initiating the ACIC Data Challenge. Their project engaged the community and accelerated research by providing a level playing field for comparing the performance of a priori specified algorithms. DHSSC identified themes concerning characteristics of the DGP, properties of the estimators, and inference. We discuss these themes in the context of targeted learning. Full Article
ca Matching Methods for Causal Inference: A Review and a Look Forward By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Thu, 05 Aug 2010 15:41 EDT Elizabeth A. StuartSource: Statist. Sci., Volume 25, Number 1, 1--21.Abstract: When estimating causal effects using observational data, it is desirable to replicate a randomized experiment as closely as possible by obtaining treated and control groups with similar covariate distributions. This goal can often be achieved by choosing well-matched samples of the original treated and control groups, thereby reducing bias due to the covariates. Since the 1970s, work on matching methods has examined how to best choose treated and control subjects for comparison. Matching methods are gaining popularity in fields such as economics, epidemiology, medicine and political science. However, until now the literature and related advice has been scattered across disciplines. Researchers who are interested in using matching methods—or developing methods related to matching—do not have a single place to turn to learn about past and current research. This paper provides a structure for thinking about matching methods and guidance on their use, coalescing the existing research (both old and new) and providing a summary of where the literature on matching methods is now and where it should be headed. Full Article
ca Heteromodal Cortical Areas Encode Sensory-Motor Features of Word Meaning By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2016-09-21T09:33:18-07:00 The capacity to process information in conceptual form is a fundamental aspect of human cognition, yet little is known about how this type of information is encoded in the brain. Although the role of sensory and motor cortical areas has been a focus of recent debate, neuroimaging studies of concept representation consistently implicate a network of heteromodal areas that seem to support concept retrieval in general rather than knowledge related to any particular sensory-motor content. We used predictive machine learning on fMRI data to investigate the hypothesis that cortical areas in this "general semantic network" (GSN) encode multimodal information derived from basic sensory-motor processes, possibly functioning as convergence–divergence zones for distributed concept representation. An encoding model based on five conceptual attributes directly related to sensory-motor experience (sound, color, shape, manipulability, and visual motion) was used to predict brain activation patterns associated with individual lexical concepts in a semantic decision task. When the analysis was restricted to voxels in the GSN, the model was able to identify the activation patterns corresponding to individual concrete concepts significantly above chance. In contrast, a model based on five perceptual attributes of the word form performed at chance level. This pattern was reversed when the analysis was restricted to areas involved in the perceptual analysis of written word forms. These results indicate that heteromodal areas involved in semantic processing encode information about the relative importance of different sensory-motor attributes of concepts, possibly by storing particular combinations of sensory and motor features. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The present study used a predictive encoding model of word semantics to decode conceptual information from neural activity in heteromodal cortical areas. The model is based on five sensory-motor attributes of word meaning (color, shape, sound, visual motion, and manipulability) and encodes the relative importance of each attribute to the meaning of a word. This is the first demonstration that heteromodal areas involved in semantic processing can discriminate between different concepts based on sensory-motor information alone. This finding indicates that the brain represents concepts as multimodal combinations of sensory and motor representations. Full Article
ca Cancer / design : Biman Mullick. By search.wellcomelibrary.org Published On :: [London?], 6th November 1989. Full Article
ca How can the smoker and the nonsmoker be equally free in the same place? George Bernard Shaw / Biman Mullick. By search.wellcomelibrary.org Published On :: [London?], [199-?] Full Article
ca The hidden holocaust. By search.wellcomelibrary.org Published On :: [London?], [199-?] Full Article
ca The 2019 Victoria’s Secret Fashion Show Is Canceled After Facing Backlash for Lack of Body Diversity By www.health.com Published On :: Fri, 22 Nov 2019 13:30:29 -0500 The reaction on social media has been fierce. Full Article
ca Jennifer Lopez Is Wearing the Hell Out of These $60 Sneakers—and You Can Buy Them at Zappos By www.health.com Published On :: Mon, 22 Jul 2019 17:56:20 -0400 The chic sneaks are part of Zappos' massive Cyber Monday sale. Full Article
ca Nike Launches Zoom Pulse Sneakers for Medical Workers Who Are On Their Feet All Day By www.health.com Published On :: Fri, 13 Dec 2019 13:45:17 -0500 The new style is available to shop today. Full Article
ca Optimization of a GCaMP Calcium Indicator for Neural Activity Imaging By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2012-10-03 Jasper AkerboomOct 3, 2012; 32:13819-13840Cellular Full Article
ca Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Protection of Cortical Neurons from Serum Withdrawal-Induced Apoptosis Is Inhibited by cAMP By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2003-06-01 Steven PoserJun 1, 2003; 23:4420-4427Cellular Full Article
ca Physical Exercise Prevents Stress-Induced Activation of Granule Neurons and Enhances Local Inhibitory Mechanisms in the Dentate Gyrus By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2013-05-01 Timothy J. SchoenfeldMay 1, 2013; 33:7770-7777BehavioralSystemsCognitive Full Article
ca Axonal ramifications of hippocampal Ca1 pyramidal cells By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1981-11-01 WD KnowlesNov 1, 1981; 1:1236-1241Articles Full Article
ca Microglia Actively Remodel Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis through the Phagocytosis Secretome By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2020-02-12 Irune Diaz-AparicioFeb 12, 2020; 40:1453-1482Development Plasticity Repair Full Article
ca {Delta}9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabinol Activate Capsaicin-Sensitive Sensory Nerves via a CB1 and CB2 Cannabinoid Receptor-Independent Mechanism By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2002-06-01 Peter M. ZygmuntJun 1, 2002; 22:4720-4727Behavioral Full Article
ca Synaptic Specificity and Application of Anterograde Transsynaptic AAV for Probing Neural Circuitry By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2020-04-15 Brian ZinggApr 15, 2020; 40:3250-3267Systems/Circuits Full Article
ca Dural Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Produces Female-Specific Responses in Rodent Migraine Models By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2019-05-29 Amanda AvonaMay 29, 2019; 39:4323-4331Systems/Circuits Full Article
ca Neurobiological Mechanisms of the Placebo Effect By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2005-11-09 Fabrizio BenedettiNov 9, 2005; 25:10390-10402Symposia and Mini-Symposia Full Article
ca Significant Neuroanatomical Variation Among Domestic Dog Breeds By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2019-09-25 Erin E. HechtSep 25, 2019; 39:7748-7758BehavioralSystemsCognitive Full Article
ca Physiological Basis of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in a Tympanal Ear By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2020-04-08 Ben WarrenApr 8, 2020; 40:3130-3140Neurobiology of Disease Full Article
ca Grey Matter Volume Differences Associated with Extremely Low Levels of Cannabis Use in Adolescence By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2019-03-06 Catherine OrrMar 6, 2019; 39:1817-1827BehavioralSystemsCognitive Full Article
ca Indigenous peoples and dementia : new understandings of memory loss and memory care By dal.novanet.ca Published On :: Fri, 1 May 2020 19:36:42 -0300 Callnumber: RC 521 I53 2019ISBN: 9780774837835 (hardcover) Full Article
ca Oscillatory Coupling of Hippocampal Pyramidal Cells and Interneurons in the Behaving Rat By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1999-01-01 Jozsef CsicsvariJan 1, 1999; 19:274-287Articles Full Article
ca Evidence for multiple AMPA receptor complexes in hippocampal CA1/CA2 neurons By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1996-03-15 RJ WentholdMar 15, 1996; 16:1982-1989Articles Full Article
ca Gamma Oscillation by Synaptic Inhibition in a Hippocampal Interneuronal Network Model By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1996-10-15 Xiao-Jing WangOct 15, 1996; 16:6402-6413Articles Full Article
ca Three-dimensional structure of dendritic spines and synapses in rat hippocampus (CA1) at postnatal day 15 and adult ages: implications for the maturation of synaptic physiology and long-term potentiation [published erratum appears in J Neurosci 1992 Aug;1 By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1992-07-01 KM HarrisJul 1, 1992; 12:2685-2705Articles Full Article
ca Dendritic spines of CA 1 pyramidal cells in the rat hippocampus: serial electron microscopy with reference to their biophysical characteristics By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1989-08-01 KM HarrisAug 1, 1989; 9:2982-2997Articles Full Article
ca Neural Mechanisms of Visual Working Memory in Prefrontal Cortex of the Macaque By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1996-08-15 Earl K. MillerAug 15, 1996; 16:5154-5167Articles Full Article
ca Optimization of a GCaMP Calcium Indicator for Neural Activity Imaging By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2012-10-03 Jasper AkerboomOct 3, 2012; 32:13819-13840Cellular Full Article
ca Effects of Attention on Orientation-Tuning Functions of Single Neurons in Macaque Cortical Area V4 By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1999-01-01 Carrie J. McAdamsJan 1, 1999; 19:431-441Articles Full Article
ca Broadband Shifts in Local Field Potential Power Spectra Are Correlated with Single-Neuron Spiking in Humans By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2009-10-28 Jeremy R. ManningOct 28, 2009; 29:13613-13620BehavioralSystemsCognitive Full Article
ca The effects of changes in the environment on the spatial firing of hippocampal complex-spike cells By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1987-07-01 RU MullerJul 1, 1987; 7:1951-1968Articles Full Article
ca Cortical Hubs Revealed by Intrinsic Functional Connectivity: Mapping, Assessment of Stability, and Relation to Alzheimer's Disease By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2009-02-11 Randy L. BucknerFeb 11, 2009; 29:1860-1873Neurobiology of Disease Full Article
ca Quantitative Ultrastructural Analysis of Hippocampal Excitatory Synapses By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1997-08-01 Thomas SchikorskiAug 1, 1997; 17:5858-5867Articles Full Article
ca The highly irregular firing of cortical cells is inconsistent with temporal integration of random EPSPs By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1993-01-01 WR SoftkyJan 1, 1993; 13:334-350Articles Full Article
ca The neural circuit for touch sensitivity in Caenorhabditis elegans By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1985-04-01 M ChalfieApr 1, 1985; 5:956-964Articles Full Article
ca Molecular cloning, functional properties, and distribution of rat brain alpha 7: a nicotinic cation channel highly permeable to calcium By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1993-02-01 P SeguelaFeb 1, 1993; 13:596-604Articles Full Article
ca Linearity and Normalization in Simple Cells of the Macaque Primary Visual Cortex By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1997-11-01 Matteo CarandiniNov 1, 1997; 17:8621-8644Articles Full Article
ca Calcium Influx via the NMDA Receptor Induces Immediate Early Gene Transcription by a MAP Kinase/ERK-Dependent Mechanism By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1996-09-01 Zhengui XiaSep 1, 1996; 16:5425-5436Articles Full Article
ca Cortical Excitatory Neurons and Glia, But Not GABAergic Neurons, Are Produced in the Emx1-Expressing Lineage By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2002-08-01 Jessica A. GorskiAug 1, 2002; 22:6309-6314BRIEF COMMUNICATION Full Article
ca A novel slow (< 1 Hz) oscillation of neocortical neurons in vivo: depolarizing and hyperpolarizing components By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1993-08-01 M SteriadeAug 1, 1993; 13:3252-3265Articles Full Article
ca Gamma (40-100 Hz) oscillation in the hippocampus of the behaving rat By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1995-01-01 A BraginJan 1, 1995; 15:47-60Articles Full Article
ca Synaptic Modifications in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons: Dependence on Spike Timing, Synaptic Strength, and Postsynaptic Cell Type By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1998-12-15 Guo-qiang BiDec 15, 1998; 18:10464-10472Articles Full Article
ca The establishment of polarity by hippocampal neurons in culture By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1988-04-01 CG DottiApr 1, 1988; 8:1454-1468Articles Full Article
ca The Variable Discharge of Cortical Neurons: Implications for Connectivity, Computation, and Information Coding By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1998-05-15 Michael N. ShadlenMay 15, 1998; 18:3870-3896Articles Full Article
ca The analysis of visual motion: a comparison of neuronal and psychophysical performance By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 1992-12-01 KH BrittenDec 1, 1992; 12:4745-4765Articles Full Article
ca Rassegna trimestrale BRI dicembre 2017: Un paradossale inasprimento ci riporta all'enigma del mercato obbligazionario By www.bis.org Published On :: 2017-12-03T17:00:00Z Italian translation of the BIS press release about the BIS Quarterly Review, December 2017 Full Article
