Renewable energy companies will derive more of their funding from bond markets as banks curb lending to the industry, Citigroup Inc.’s head of environmental finance said.

Jim Keffer is Republican state lawmaker in Texas with a permit to carry a concealed weapon and doubts about whether human activity is causing global warming.

The release, which marks a significant shift in disclosure policy, details the capital's testing totals, daily infection counts and infection rates.

Kenya has accused the UN of bowing to pressure from other countries by setting up an investigation that pins the blame for peacekeeping failures in South Sudan on the Kenyan force commander.

A molecule shaped like a bow tie changes colour in the presence of toxic chemicals, which could make it useful for monitoring air

In September, the 41st Cannes Yachting Festival brought together some of the world’s most dazzling vessels in a luxurious, iconic setting. As the official car of the Cannes Yachting Festival for the second consecutive year, Maserati, together with the...

Title: Amitiza Treats Irritable Bowel With Constipation
Category: Health News
Created: 5/1/2008 2:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/1/2008 12:00:00 AM

Title: Botox Injections May Relieve Tennis Elbow Pain
Category: Health News
Created: 4/26/2010 12:10:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 4/27/2010 12:00:00 AM

Title: Too Much Super Bowl Can Mean Too Little Sleep
Category: Health News
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Last Editorial Review: 1/31/2020 12:00:00 AM

Our study in PNAS (1) applies a mathematically based framework to the study of reported emotional experience evoked by music in the United States and China. Germane to theoretical debate, our methods reveal how specific emotions such as “triumph” are more primary across cultures than valence and arousal, a finding...

Karen L. Carleton, Daniel Escobar-Camacho, Sara M. Stieb, Fabio Cortesi, and N. Justin Marshall

Among vertebrates, teleost eye diversity exceeds that found in all other groups. Their spectral sensitivities range from ultraviolet to red, and the number of visual pigments varies from 1 to over 40. This variation is correlated with the different ecologies and life histories of fish species, including their variable aquatic habitats: murky lakes, clear oceans, deep seas and turbulent rivers. These ecotopes often change with the season, but fish may also migrate between ecotopes diurnally, seasonally or ontogenetically. To survive in these variable light habitats, fish visual systems have evolved a suite of mechanisms that modulate spectral sensitivities on a range of timescales. These mechanisms include: (1) optical media that filter light, (2) variations in photoreceptor type and size to vary absorbance and sensitivity, and (3) changes in photoreceptor visual pigments to optimize peak sensitivity. The visual pigment changes can result from changes in chromophore or changes to the opsin. Opsin variation results from changes in opsin sequence, opsin expression or co-expression, and opsin gene duplications and losses. Here, we review visual diversity in a number of teleost groups where the structural and molecular mechanisms underlying their spectral sensitivities have been relatively well determined. Although we document considerable variability, this alone does not imply functional difference per se. We therefore highlight the need for more studies that examine species with known sensitivity differences, emphasizing behavioral experiments to test whether such differences actually matter in the execution of visual tasks that are relevant to the fish.

Thomas J. Lisney, Shaun P. Collin, and Jennifer L. Kelley

Ecological factors such as spatial habitat complexity and diet can explain variation in visual morphology, but few studies have sought to determine whether visual specialisation can occur among populations of the same species. We used a small Australian freshwater fish (the western rainbowfish, Melanotaenia australis) to determine whether populations showed variation in eye size and eye position, and whether this variation could be explained by environmental (light availability, turbidity) and ecological (predation risk, habitat complexity, invertebrate abundance) variables. We investigated three aspects of eye morphology, (1) eye size relative to body size, (2) pupil size relative to eye size, and (3) eye position in the head, for fish collected from 14 sites in a major river catchment in northwest Western Australia. We found significant variation among populations in all three measures of eye morphology, but no effect of sex on eye size or eye position. Variation in eye diameter and eye position was best explained by the level of habitat complexity. Specifically, fish occurring in habitats with low complexity (i.e. open water) tended to have smaller, more dorsally-located eyes, than those occurring in more complex habitats (i.e. vegetation present). The size of the pupil relative to the size of the eye was most influenced by the presence of surrounding rock formations; fish living in gorge habitats had significantly smaller pupils (relative to eye size) than those occupying semi-gorge sites or open habitats. Our findings reveal that different ecological and environmental factors contribute to habitat-specific visual specialisations within a species.

Rachel L. Sutcliffe, Shaorong Li, Matthew J. H. Gilbert, Patricia M. Schulte, Kristi M. Miller, and Anthony P. Farrell

We examined cardiac pacemaker rate resetting in rainbow trout following a reciprocal temperature transfer. In the original experiment, performed in winter, 4°C-acclimated fish transferred to 12°C reset intrinsic heart rate after just 1 h (from 56.8±1.2 to 50.8±1.5 bpm); 12°C-acclimated fish transferred to 4°C reset intrinsic heart rate after 8 h (from 33.4±0.7 to 37.7±1.2 bpm). However, in a replicate experiment, performed in the summer using a different brood year, intrinsic heart rate was not reset, even after 10 weeks at a new temperature. Using this serendipitous opportunity, we compared mRNA expression changes of a suite of proteins in sinoatrial node (SAN), atrial and ventricular tissues after both 1 h and longer than 3 weeks for both experimental acclimation groups to identify those changes only associated with pacemaker rate resetting. Of the changes in mRNA expression occurring after more than 3 weeks of warm acclimation and associated with pacemaker rate resetting, we observed downregulation of NKA α1c in the atrium and ventricle, and upregulation of HCN1 in the ventricle. However, in the SAN there were no mRNA expression changes unique to the fish with pacemaker rate resetting after either 1 h or 3 weeks of warm acclimation. Thus, despite identifying changes in mRNA expression of contractile cardiac tissues, there was absence of changes in mRNA expression directly involved with the initial, rapid pacemaker rate resetting with warm acclimation. Importantly, pacemaker rate resetting with thermal acclimation does not always occur in rainbow trout.

The Carboniferous Bowland Shale Formation of the UK is a proven hydrocarbon source rock and currently a target for shale gas exploration. Most existing analysis details lithofacies and geochemical assessment of a small number of boreholes. Given a paucity of relevant borehole cores, surface samples provide a valuable contribution to the assessment of this unconventional gas source. This study reviews existing literature on the formation's hydrocarbon geochemistry and provides new lithological descriptions of seven lithofacies, XRD mineralogy and hydrocarbon-specific geochemical data for 32 outcrop localities within the Craven and Edale basins, respectively in the northern and southern parts of the resource area. Low oxygen indices suggest that the majority of samples are relatively unaltered (in terms of hydrocarbon geochemistry), and therefore suitable for the characterization of the shale organic character. Total organic carbon (TOC) ranges from 0.7 to 6.5 wt%, with highest values associated with maximum flooding surfaces. Mean T_max values of 447 and 441°C for the Edale and Craven basins, respectively, suggest that nearly all the samples were too immature to have generated appreciable amounts of dry gas. The oil saturation index is consistently below the >100 mg g^–1 TOC benchmark, suggesting that they are not prospective for shale oil.

Supplementary material: A table summarizing the location, geological description and age of all of the samples in this paper is available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4444589

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) agonists have therapeutic potential in clinical indications in which the integrity or absorptive function of the intestinal mucosa is compromised, such as in short bowel syndrome (SBS). Native hGLP-2, a 33–amino acid peptide secreted from the small intestine, contributes to nutritional absorption but has a very short half-life because of enzymatic cleavage and renal clearance and thus is of limited therapeutic value. The GLP-2 analog teduglutide (Revestive/Gattex; Shire Inc.) has been approved for use in SBS since 2012 but has a once-daily injection regimen. Pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic studies confirm that apraglutide, a novel GLP-2 analog, has very low clearance, long elimination half-life, and high plasma protein binding compared with GLP-2 analogs teduglutide and glepaglutide. Apraglutide and teduglutide retain potency and selectivity at the GLP-2 receptor comparable to native hGLP-2, whereas glepaglutide was less potent and less selective. In rat intravenous PK studies, hGLP-2, teduglutide, glepaglutide, and apraglutide had clearances of 25, 9.9, 2.8, and 0.27 ml/kg per minute, respectively, and elimination half-lives of 6.4, 19, 16, and 159 minutes, respectively. The unique PK profile of apraglutide administered via intravenous and subcutaneous routes was confirmed in monkey and minipig and translated into significantly greater in vivo pharmacodynamic activity, measured as small intestinal growth in rats. Apraglutide showed greater intestinotrophic activity than the other peptides when administered at less-frequent dosing intervals because of its prolonged half-life. We postulate that apraglutide offers several advantages over existing GLP-2 analogs and is an excellent candidate for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, such as SBS.

Sony Interactive Entertainment announced Rainbow Six Siege, The Evil Within 2 and Get Even are now available for PlayStation Now subscribers. 

Rainbow Six Siege will only be available to download and stream until Monday, November 2. Downloads for the game are limited to the PlayStation 4 only. 

PlayStation Now features over 800 games on the PlayStation 4, PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 2 available to stream and play on the PlayStation 4 and Windows PC. PS4 subscribers can download and install over 300 games to play locally. 

Here is an overview of the three games:

Rainbow Six Siege

It’s the perfect time to try out the deeply tactical, always tense multiplayer shooter that has become an esports phenomenon in the years since its 2015 debut. Strained matches are built around two competing teams of players using a variety of weapons, gadgets and sound strategies to triumph over the other. While you’ll need to adapt to its uncompromising gameplay, it only makes every well-earned victory all the sweeter. Please note: this is the base edition.

The Evil Within 2

Genre aficionados will have plenty to savour with this horror sequel as you enter the alternate reality town of Union in search of your long thought dead daughter. Sickeningly brilliant creature designs and jump scares await as you explore the town’s expansive areas filled with dangers and secrets. But armed as you are with an arsenal of monster-shredding weaponry, as well as having the option to keep things low-key with a more stealthy approach, you’re ready to take on every abomination that stands between you and your family reunion.

Get Even

Puzzler, shooter, psychological thriller. Developer The Farm 51’s mashup of genres makes for an intriguing first-person adventure. Finding yourself trapped inside an insane asylum with a virtual reality device surgically grafted to your head, you’re forced to track down and ‘enter’ memories to gradually unravel the mystery behind your incarceration. As gripping as any murder mystery and with events shaped by your decisions, Get Even is a must play for those who love stories with plenty of twists.

A life-long and avid gamer, William D'Angelo was first introduced to VGChartz in 2007. After years of supporting the site, he was brought on in 2010 as a junior analyst, working his way up to lead analyst in 2012. He has expanded his involvement in the gaming community by producing content on his own YouTube channel and Twitch channel dedicated to gaming Let's Plays and tutorials. You can contact the author at wdangelo@vgchartz.com or on Twitter @TrunksWD.

Full Article - https://www.vgchartz.com/article/443391/playstation-now-adds-rainbow-six-siege-the-evil-within-ii-and-get-even/

It’s not going out on much of a limb to say that the single greatest line in any rock and roll song—shall we double down and say all music ever?—is “A-wop-bom-a-loo-mop-a-lomp-bom-bom!!”

Surely that says it all.

As with any truly oracular pronouncement, it inspires consternation in the first-time listener, and the second-time listener, and the third, the fourth, and on and on. The mystery never diminishes.

Read more at The Daily Beast.

I’ll be honest with you. I’m pretty sick and I don’t remember what happened on this episode. I think I eventually complained about Mass Effect...

Foods, such as French fries, cheese, cookies, soda, and sports and energy drinks, are commonly found in the diets of United States adults with inflammatory bowel disease, according to a new study.

“Hi, I’m Taylor.” With that greeting, Taylor Swift returned to the stage as the headliner of “DirectTV Now Super Saturday Night” at Club Nomadic on the eve of the Super Bowl.

Read our live coronavirus updates HERE Coronavirus: The symptoms

A war veteran has touched hearts around the country after he was given a "precious" cushion featuring a picture of his late wife.

Prince Louis has shown his support for the NHS by making a rainbow poster for a series of photographs to mark his second birthday.

A woman allegedly spat at and threw the contents of a sick bowl over a nurse while being treated for Covid-19 symptoms.

A double rainbow appeared in the skies above the UK just in time for the nation coming together to clap for health workers on the frontline of the coronavirus crisis.

Despite being named a Pro Bowler each of the past three seasons, right guard Larry Warford was cut by the Saints on Friday.

Alesha Dixon's daughter also makes an appearance

Shopping app Kindred and #ClapForOurCarers have launched the cutest t-shirt... and the celebs are loving it

Red and yellow and pink and blue, which one is most you?

These snazzy steals are guaranteed smile-inducers

Australia's political landscape has long been tumultuous and rough around the edges. But amoung the rough, there is a diamond. Enter ex-prime minister, sharp shooter and straight talker, Paul Keating. He's sassy AF.

Keating made headlines again Wednesday by implying the country's foreign policy was suffering because governmental powers are too concerned with appeasing the U.S. 

It's just the latest public comment in the long line of brutal honesty and cynical realism that is Paul Keating's autobiography. Need hard evidence? Watch and learn children. The shade. Read more...

Liverpool star Trent Alexander-Arnold dominated Real Madrid's Vinicius Junior to reach the quarter-finals on an enthralling second day of the virtual Stay and Play Cup.

Former Richmond Tigers premiership player Michael Bowden is remembered as a fierce footballer, inspiring educator and compassionate family man after his death from motor neurone disease at the age of 73.

The Department of Justice and the Rainbow River Child Development Center of Hawthorne, Calif., have joined in a settlement agreement to assure that children with diabetes will receive appropriate care so that they may participate fully in the programs and activities at the center.

The Justice Department has reached an agreement with the city of Memphis, Tenn., under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) to improve physical accessibility for people with disabilities at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium, home of the AutoZone Liberty Bowl, Memphis Tigers and Southern Heritage Classic football games.

I can't imagine anyone doing an ad like this for coal.

Bangkok-based artist Nino Sarabutra investigates what really makes people happy, and how much money is needed to live a good life.

Thirty thousand pounds of leftover food were redistributed to hungry Floridians in the days following the game.

These vibrant murals combine nature and realism with the chaos and tumult of the urban landscape.

It is reflective and glows in the dark, perfect for "enhanced safety in traffic" -- and the dance floor.

Why buy new gift bows when the best ones can be made easily with things you have on hand?

This man has a unique recycled bow tie to match every occasion.