Sustained lung inflation and positive end-expiratory pressure would permit lung recruitment immediately after birth, improving lung mechanics and reducing the need for respiratory support. Previous clinical studies in preterm infants provided promising results but have some limitations.

This randomized controlled study found that prophylactic sustained lung inflation and positive end-expiratory pressure in the delivery room decreased the need for mechanical ventilation in the first 72 hours of life in preterm infants at high risk of respiratory distress syndrome. (Read the full article)

Early first sexual intercourse (FSI) is a risk factor for unplanned teenage pregnancy, sexually transmitted infection, and adverse health outcomes in adolescence and into adulthood. In girls, externalizing behaviors are more strongly associated with earlier FSI than internalizing behaviors.

Externalizing behavior from as early as 5 in boys and 10 in girls is a significant risk factor for earlier age at FSI. Internalizing behavior at ages 8 and 10 was associated with early FSI for boys but not girls. (Read the full article)

Little is known about the mental health of extremely low birth weight survivors in their 30s. It is also unclear whether being born small for gestational age or being exposed to antenatal corticosteroids increases risk in this group.

In their 30s, extremely low birth weight survivors are less likely to have substance problems but are at elevated risk for other psychiatric disorders. Those born small for gestational age are at higher risk, but those exposed to antenatal corticosteroids are at the greatest risk of all. (Read the full article)

Moisture damage and mold increase the risk of asthma and asthmatic symptoms. However, the location of the damage, or the specific group of children who are at greater risk of asthma, is rarely taken into account.

Inspector-observed moisture damage or mold in the child’s bedroom, living room, or kitchen increased the risk of asthma and persistent asthma during a 6-year follow-up. Atopic children may be more susceptible to the effects of moisture damage and mold. (Read the full article)

More than 70% of all preterm deliveries are late preterm (34–36 weeks of gestation). Existing evidence suggests that compared with those born at term, those born late preterm score lower on neurocognitive tests in childhood and young adulthood.

The effect of late preterm birth on neurocognitive performance persists up to late adulthood, especially among those who have only a basic or upper secondary level of education. Late preterm birth is also associated with a risk of memory impairments. (Read the full article)

Celiac disease (CD) may develop at any age. Young children with CD are at particular risk for malabsorption and failure to thrive. HLA-DR3-DQ2 homozygotes are at the highest genetic risk and develop CD very early in life.

Most children with CD detected in screening by 4 years of age have no symptoms and normal growth. Symptoms are unrelated to HLA genotype. Autoantibody levels correlate higher with severity of mucosal lesions in symptomatic as compared to asymptomatic children. (Read the full article)

Almost half of NICUs include low birth weight (<2.5 kg) as an inclusion criterion for car seat tolerance screening (CSTS), formerly car seat challenges. However, little is known about incidence and risk factors for failure in this group.

This is the largest study to date evaluating the incidence and predictors of CSTS failure in full-term low birth weight neonates. Epidemiologic data are provided to help guide future CSTS policies and protocol development for this group. (Read the full article)

Infants born very prematurely or with a very low birth weight are known to have an increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Results concerning late preterm children are controversial and studies examining fetal growth represented by weight for gestational age are scarce.

We demonstrate that each declining week of gestation increases the risk of ADHD. Also, late preterm infants have an increased risk. Furthermore, as weight for gestational age becomes smaller than 1 SD below the mean, the risk of ADHD increases. (Read the full article)

Children born preterm at very low birth weight have reduced lung function. Reduced lung function may extend to adult life, but to what extent this outcome is attributable to bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other prenatal and neonatal conditions is not known.

Young adults born preterm at very low birth weight had impaired airflow. This finding suggests an increased risk of later obstructive airways disease and was observed also among those with no bronchopulmonary dysplasia, regardless of other prenatal and neonatal complications. (Read the full article)

A number of studies have reported an association between birth by cesarean delivery and adverse childhood health outcomes such as obesity, asthma, atopy, and a number of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. However, these studies have had limited capacity to control for confounders.

Using a prospective cohort while controlling for birth factors, social vulnerability, maternal BMI, and breastfeeding, we found few differences between children delivered by cesarean delivery and those born vaginally. Higher child BMI was explained by maternal BMI. (Read the full article)

US President Donald Trump says he plans to sign an executive order ending birthright citizenship for babies of non-citizens and unauthorised immigrants born on US soil.

T. Michael O'Shea
Jul 1, 1999; 104:15-21
ARTICLES

Wolfgang Lindner
May 1, 1999; 103:961-967
ARTICLES

Richard A. Ehrenkranz
Aug 1, 1999; 104:280-289
ARTICLES

Maureen Hack
Aug 1, 2005; 116:333-341
ARTICLES

Jeffrey D. Horbar
Jul 1, 2002; 110:143-151
ARTICLES

C. Michael Cotten
Jan 1, 2009; 123:58-66
ARTICLES

Richard A. Ehrenkranz
Apr 1, 2006; 117:1253-1261
ARTICLES

Mary Ellen Avery
Jan 1, 1987; 79:26-30
ARTICLES

Betty R. Vohr
Jun 1, 2000; 105:1216-1226
ARTICLES

Barbara J. Stoll
Aug 1, 2002; 110:285-291
ARTICLES

Young adults born prematurely with very low birth weight (≤1500 g) have higher blood pressure than do their counterparts born at term. We tested whether they also have higher blood pressure reactivity to psychosocial stress, which may be a more-specific predictor of long-term cardiovascular morbidity. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels for 44 very low birth weight adults (mean age: 23.1 years; SD: 2.3 years) and 37 control subjects (mean age: 23.6 years; SD: 2.0 years) were measured through noninvasive finger photoplethysmography during a standardized psychosocial stress challenge (Trier Social Stress Test). Baseline and task values and their difference (ie, reactivity) served as outcome variables. In comparison with the control group, the very low birth weight group had 7.9 mm Hg higher diastolic blood pressure during the task and 4.8 mm Hg higher diastolic reactivity, with adjustment for gender and age, height, and BMI at testing. A similar trend was seen for systolic blood pressure during the baseline period and the task, but the group differences were not statistically significant. Our results indicate that very low birth weight is associated with elevated blood pressure reactivity to psychosocial stress and, therefore, may increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity.

Ira and Hazel have worked together in the former's directorial debut Medea

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL SERVICES: Division of Management Services

The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) warned that pregnant mothers and babies born during the pandemic across the world were threatened by strained health systems and disruptions in services.

India's love for Rabindranath Tagore is a continuing tale, thereby marking the nation's reverence for a great artist, poet and visionary.

Taking to Twitter, Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee quoted the lyrics of one of Tagore's songs (Rabindrasangeet) to pay tribute to him.

In his speech Kejriwal once again stressed the importance of the bijli, paani, shiksha and swastha model, the defining theme of his governance model.

Known as one of the most prominent figures in India's struggle for freedom from British rule, Sarojini Naidu was a political activist and a poet. Her work as a poet earned the name of "Nightingale of...

Prince William and Kate took to Instagram to wish their nephew Archie on his first birthday.

If college football is forced to play in the spring, it won't be the first time that has happened. You just have to go back to the 19th century.

Check here each week to keep up with the latest from John MacArthur's pulpit at Grace Community Church.

The Lagos State Police Command has rescued an unidentified woman shortly after she gave birth.   She delivered the baby at a section of the Lekki-Ajah expressway on Friday. Good spirited Nigerians had called operatives of the Rapid Response Squad (RRS) to the scene. The Police said the mother has four other children and are […]

Police rescue homeless mother of 4 who gave birth on Lagos road [Photos]

(MENAFN - Trend News Agency) Baku, Azerbaijan, May 9 Trend: The Azerbaijani Embassy in France will organize a virtual concert dedicated to the 97th bi... ......

Ninjala is sure to deliver Splatoon fans a new mess of fun and the rest of the world gets a peek at the buzz behind ...

Fredie Blom says cigarettes were his only birthday wish this year.

Her number was always the first I called whenever I was in a fix.

NEW DELHI: Pakistan is projected to record five million births in the nine months since the COVID-19 was declared pandemic in March and these births expected to take place between March and December,...

[[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]

Shiloh will have a separate celebration at her mom Angelina Jolie's home, but Brad Pitt would be delighted to have all his kids over for the party

It certainly wasn’t big, and probably didn’t bang – and the surprises in the conventional story of the universe's origins don’t end there

Archie Mountbatten-Windsor, the son of Britain's Prince Harry and his American wife Meghan, celebrated his first birthday on Wednesday, with his parents marking the occasion with a video of his...

It certainly wasn’t big, and probably didn’t bang – and the surprises in the conventional story of the universe's origins don’t end there

Britain's Princess Charlotte, daughter of Prince William and his wife Kate, celebrates her fifth birthday on Saturday - an occasion marked by the release of four new photographs of the young royal.