A magnetically enhanced HDP-CVD plasma source includes a hollow cathode target and an anode. The anode and cathode form a gap. A cathode target magnet assembly forms magnetic field lines that are substantially perpendicular to a cathode target surface. The gap magnet assembly forms a cusp magnetic field in the gap that is coupled with the cathode target magnetic field. The magnetic field lines cross a pole piece electrode positioned in the gap. This pole piece is isolated from ground and can be connected with a voltage power supply. The pole piece can have a negative, positive, or floating electric potential. The plasma source can be configured to generate volume discharge. The gap size prohibits generation of plasma discharge in the gap. By controlling the duration, value and a sign of the electric potential on the pole piece, the plasma ionization can be controlled. The magnetically enhanced HDP-CVD source can also be used for chemically enhanced ionized physical vapor deposition (CE-IPVD). Gas flows through the gap between hollow cathode and anode. The cathode target is inductively grounded, and the substrate is periodically inductively grounded.

Water is flowed inside main body section formed from an insulating material such that a specified space remains inside the main body section. Electrodes and are arranged along the outer walls of the main body section and voltage is applied to the electrodes. Processing gas present inside the main body section is plasmarized and plasma is emitted to the water flowing inside the main body section.

A laser beam having desired properties is output at desired timings. A laser apparatus is a laser apparatus for use with an extreme ultraviolet light generating apparatus that generates extreme ultraviolet light at a repetition frequency which is set in advance, and may be equipped with: a semiconductor laser that outputs a laser beam when a trigger signal is input thereto; an optical switch that switches between a state in which the laser beam passes therethrough and a state in which the laser beam does not pass therethrough, provided along the optical path of the laser beam; and a control unit configured to output the trigger signal to the semiconductor laser at a frequency which is an integer multiple of the repetition frequency, and to control the optical switch such that the laser beam passes therethrough at the repetition frequency.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a protective device including a sliding door and a housing, together forming a closed space, wherein, a guide rail is provided on the housing, and the sliding door is slidable along the guide rail to open or close the closed space. In addition, embodiments of the present invention also provide a laser Raman safety inspection apparatus including the abovementioned protective device.

The present invention provides novel techniques for controlling the output of a distillation sub-process by controlling, using model predictive control, the temperature of steam used in the distillation sub-process, wherein the steam is generated in a milling and cooking sub-process. In particular, the present techniques are presented in the context of biofuel production, wherein the temperature of a cook tube generated in a milling and cooking sub-process may be controlled to optimize the energy utilization in the ethanol/water separation of a side stripper column, which uses the cook flash steam as an energy source. However, the present techniques may also be applied to other suitable applications, such as liquor processing, where steam generated in a different process may be used in a distillation process to help separate water from the liquor.

A ballast water treatment device attached to a vessel provided with: a line (1) through which drawn treatment target water flows; and a ballast tank (5) connected to a downstream side of the line (1). The ballast water treatment device is provided with: a filter (3) which is disposed in the line (1) and which filters the treatment target water; and a controller (7). The controller (7) causes the treatment target water to be discharged outboard from an upstream side of the filter (3) in an early stage of drawing of the treatment target water, until water quality is stabilized, and, when the water quality of treatment target water has stabilized, causes the filter (3) to filter the treatment target water. Thus, ballast water filtering can be efficiently performed.

"So the last time we played here was September 6th, 1993," announced Billie Joe Armstrong. He was on stage at storied Berkeley venue 924 Gilman Street, flanked by Mike Dirnt, Tre Cool, Jason White, and Jason Freese.…

Last week, Oakland artist Jet Martinez finished his largest mural yet, on the side of the I. Magnin Building in downtown Oakland — to stunning effect. 

The Mexico-born artist  is known internationally for his gorgeous floral patterning inspired by motifs in Mexican folk art. But, according to a recent statement released about his new mural, he recently decided he wanted to contribute more directly to the community in which he lives by doing more local art.…

The present invention refers to a process for classifying tumor samples of unknown and/or uncertain primary origin, specifically including the steps of obtaining patterns of biological activity modulation of tumor of unknown and/or uncertain primary origin and comparing them to an specific and unique group of biomarkers which determine the profiles of biological activity modulation of known origin tumors. The present invention belongs to the molecular biology and genetics field.

ONLY a delusional Lib Dem like Martin Kyrle could come up with an excuse like this about his beloved party doing well in the last election when in fact they lost over half their seats, then blaming it on our undemocratic electoral system, it’s the system we have, and our MP’s are elected on that system.

A method of making a MRAM device includes forming a magnetic tunnel junction on an electrode, the magnetic tunnel junction comprising a reference layer positioned in contact with the electrode, a tunnel barrier layer arranged on the reference layer, and a free layer arranged on the tunnel barrier layer; and depositing an encapsulating layer on and along sidewalls of the magnetic tunnel junction; wherein the exposing of the magnetic tunnel junction to hydrogen plasma is performed at a temperature from about 150 to about 250° C. An MRAM device including an encapsulating layer comprising either silicon nitride or aluminum oxide is also provided.

A fluid activatable adhesive for a liner-free label and methods of using are described. Preferably, the adhesive composition includes a polymer, such as an emulsion polymer formed from monomers selected from the group consisting of butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), a salt of AMPS, such as its sodium salt, styrene, and combinations thereof. The adhesive composition adheres to the liner-free label to the surface of a substrate that is at room temperature, at room temperature and wet, cold, or cold and wet. In preferred embodiments, the substrate is glass or plastic, such as polyethylene terephthalate.

The adhesive system of the invention is especially useful in bonding replacement windows into vehicles. They allow for sufficient working time while still realizing a fast drive away time. The adhesive system is comprised of a moisture curable adhesive and a cure accelerator that may be applied using a simple single caulk gun and may be applied at ambient temperatures such as −10° C. and about 45° C. The cure accelerator is comprised of a polyol having a backbone that has at least one amine in the backbone. The moisture curable adhesive typically is comprised of an isocyanate terminated prepolymer.

Certain aspects pertain to methods of fabricating an optical device on a substantially transparent substrate that include a pre-deposition operation that removes a width of lower conductor layer at a distance from the outer edge of the substrate to form a pad at the outer edge. The pad and any deposited layers of the optical device may be removed in a post edge deletion operation.

An upper electrode for a plasma processing apparatus includes a body portion having a plurality of through-holes, a showerhead disposed below the body portion and having a plurality of jet holes connected to the plurality of through-holes, and a buffer layer interposed between the body portion and the showerhead.

A dry etching apparatus plasma processes a wafer held by a carrier having a frame and an holding sheet. The carrier is placed on an electrode unit of a stage provided in a chamber. The electrode unit is cooled by a cooling section configured to cool the electrode unit. An upper face of the electrode unit is at least as large as the back side of the carrier. The holding sheet and the frame are cooled effectively by the heat transfer to the stage.

The present invention relates to novel thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) compositions that contain linear monohydric alcohols. The present invention provides for TPU compositions which may be applied at relatively low temperatures, but upon activation (e.g., activation by ultraviolet light), exhibits higher temperature and melt resistance.

A plasma system includes a source electrode, an RF source power generation unit, an RF source power output unit, and a source power output managing unit. The source power output managing unit determines an amplitude and a duty cycle of a pulse RF source power based on information on an amplitude of a continuous wave RF source power.

A plasma processor, including a first gas supplier to supply first gas to the inside of a vacuum vessel, a stage on which a wafer is placed, an electromagnetic wave supplier to supply electromagnetic waves for generating first plasma, a susceptor provided to an outer peripheral portion of the stage, a second high frequency power source connected to the susceptor, and a second gas supplier to supply second gas to the inside of the susceptor. The inside of the susceptor is provided with a high frequency electrode connected to the second high frequency power source and a first earth electrode disposed opposite to the high frequency electrode. The second high frequency power source supplies high frequency power while the second gas supplier supplies the second gas, thereby generating second plasma inside the susceptor.

The present invention discloses a multi-zone active-matrix temperature control system, the control system having a temperature control matrix and a gate driver; the temperature control matrix comprising: N*M temperature control modules forming a N-row M-column matrix, a power supply line, and a power return line; each temperature control module comprising: a temperature control unit adapts to be heated up by electrical power for temperature controlling; a semiconductor switch provided with a gate electrode connected with the gate driver, two ends of the gate, which turn on or off, being connected with the power supply line, and with the power return line through the temperature control unit, respectively. In the temperature control matrix, one ends, which are connected with a power return line, of the temperature control units of temperature control modules in a same row or same column are serially connected, and connected with the power supply line; one ends, which are connected with the power supply line, of the semiconductor switches of the temperature control modules at a same row or a same column are serially connected, and connected with the power supply line. The present invention may precisely perform temperature control to each zone of the electrostatic chuck and significantly reduces the number of electrostatic chuck lead-out lines.

A system for adaptive cooling and energy harvesting comprising at least one thermoelectric device capable of acting as a thermoelectric cooler and as a thermoelectric generator, a hierarchical multiple-level control system, and electronics controlled by the control system and connected to the thermoelectric device. The electronics selectively configure the thermoelectric device in at least in a thermoelectric cooler operating mode and in a thermoelectric generation operating mode. The thermoelectric device can incorporate quantum-process and quantum-well materials for higher heat transfer and thermoelectric generation efficiencies. The invention provides for thermoelectric devices to additionally operate in temperature sensing mode. The hierarchical control system can comprise a plurality of control system, each of which can operate in isolation and can be interconnected with additional subsystems associated with other hierarchical levels. The hierarchical control system can comprise linear (additive) control, bilinear (additive and multiplicative) control, nonlinear control, and hysteresis.

Embodiments are disclosed for headwear including a crown including a cap, a strap extending from the crown, the strap including two strap portions extending from different locations of the crown, and a clasp coupled to the strap at terminal ends of the two strap portions, the clasp having a top loop and a bottom loop, wherein the top loop is joined to the bottom loop via a hinge, a top surface of the bottom loop extending from the hinge having a substantially linear declination along at least a portion of the top surface.

Are you ripping yourself off? At least 11m people in the UK are overpaying on their energy bills, usually by £100s a year. Sorting it is one of the biggest and easiest savings you can make – yet the majority still don’t do it. More so, even if you’re scared of switching firm, right now you may be able to save £100s and stick with your existing provider. So as we’re in the core of winter, carpe diem (translation: get off your bum and try to give it a go).

THUGS who slashed tyres on a van used by a homeless charity have been slammed as “mindless vandals”.

FORGET the fairytale, this is Cinderella for the 21st Century.

IT delivered the promised 'sparkle and shine' in spades.

MORE than sixty years since his untimely death, the musical that celebrates the life of Buddy Holly is celebrating its 30th anniversary.

TIMING is everything and the latest tour of We Will Rock You is certainly riding the revival wave created by last year's release of Queen biopic Bohemian Rhapsody.

MAMMA Mia the stage show and movie are now a phenomenon almost on the scale of the band whose music they celebrate.

Sutton United's former Eastleigh manager Paul Doswell has no sympathy for Arsene Wenger following Arsenal's spectacular collapse against Bayern Munich in the Champions League.

PARENTS in Southampton were slapped with nearly 2,000 fines after their children missed school last year, new figures reveal.

A POLICE probe continues as part of efforts to catch a masked flasher.

Active Nation fitness coaches at Chamberlayne Leisure Centre are supporting the Daily Echo’s Staying Alive campaign, urging Sotonians to burn off those extra calories in a bid to battle killer diseases and illnesses.

IT'S only rock n roll, but I like it.

A POLICE probe continues as part of efforts to catch a masked flasher.

We’re headed out on a massive tour to celebrate 10 Years of Dada Land!

IT’S been three months since we were treated to the rip-roaring hilarity-fest which was the opening episode of Tales from the Borderlands. It’s been a long wait.

THE Liberal Democrats came close today to snatching Winchester and Chandler's Ford in what would have been a stunning victory.

The Ohio School Boards Association says voters Tuesday approved a smaller percentage of school tax issues on the primary ballot than in the previous primary election.

In the absence of live Studio B sessions, we thought we'd revisit some of our favorite ones from years' past. Tune in during "Celtic Winds" as we re-air this one from Irish favorites Solas!

As the COVID-19 pandemic began to pick up in Alaska, Dr. Anne Zink, the state's chief medical officer, faced a difficult choice. Should she continue in-person meetings and nightly briefings with Republican Gov. Mike Dunleavy? Or should she opt for a more socially distant form of engagement? Zink chose the latter, saying she wanted to model the behavior that she has been appealing to residents to follow. She now appears at Dunleavy's briefings by video. And over the past two months, she has become a trusted voice as she urges Alaskans to follow the strict social distancing and other public health guidelines adopted by the state administration — which doctors groups have credited with keeping the state's COVID-19 numbers among the lowest in the country. Zink, who has a Facebook fan club and a #ThinkLikeZink hashtag , isn't the only public health official to acquire a cultlike following during the pandemic: Dr. Anthony Fauci, the federal infectious disease expert, has inspired a Saturday

As the COVID-19 pandemic began to pick up in Alaska, Dr. Anne Zink, the state's chief medical officer, faced a difficult choice. Should she continue in-person meetings and nightly briefings with Republican Gov. Mike Dunleavy? Or should she opt for a more socially distant form of engagement? Zink chose the latter, saying she wanted to model the behavior that she has been appealing to residents to follow. She now appears at Dunleavy's briefings by video. And over the past two months, she has become a trusted voice as she urges Alaskans to follow the strict social distancing and other public health guidelines adopted by the state administration — which doctors groups have credited with keeping the state's COVID-19 numbers among the lowest in the country. Zink, who has a Facebook fan club and a #ThinkLikeZink hashtag , isn't the only public health official to acquire a cultlike following during the pandemic: Dr. Anthony Fauci, the federal infectious disease expert, has inspired a Saturday

Through his tell-all memoir, the former frontman of Screaming Trees brands the 'Wall of Glass' singer 'an obvious poser' for bailing on the 1996 tour after he stood up to the latter's bullying.

Poet Mohammad Moussa believes his friend Deah Barakat was murdered in a hate crime; and he refuses to remain silent. Shattered Glass, Mohammad’s multi-media spoken word poetry show is a year of reflection and mourning wrapped in the power of storytelling and signed with a poet’s pen. It’s a demand for answers and accountability, and it’s a journey that leaves us both broken and whole. On this episode of Stories with a Heartbeat , host Will McInerney sits down with Mohammad Moussa to talk about poetry, processing, and parking disputes. Subscribe to this Podcast Over the past four episodes of Stories with a Heartbeat we explored the human stories behind the Chapel Hill shooting. We pulled out the magnified glass and the atlas to track the emotions and motives of this complex narrative. We talked to family members, close friends, the police, and local reporters. Today, we turn to a poet to help us make sense of it all. This is the final installment in our 5-part series on the tragedy. On

School is full of conflict. This week we explore three conflicts in the classroom. Students and teachers use poetry and stories to reflect on moments of friction at school and help us understand why they matter. Stories with a Heartbeat is a new podcast from WUNC hosted by poet Will McIneney that uses poetry and storytelling to explore the complexity of conflict.

Created by 'American Vandal' showrunner Dan Lagana, this eight-part series is said to revolve around the life of Joe Schreibvogel, an eccentric zookeeper in Oklahoma, who fights to keep his park open.

The last letter known to be written on the ill-fated Titanic sold for a world record at auction yesterday.

The 'Smile' hitmaker is rumored to take her relationship with 'stranger Things' actor David Harbour to the next level as she shows off a new rock on her finger in a new Instagram selfie.

Pete Geracimo who helped the 'Chasing Pavements' hitmaker during her weight loss journey comes to the singer's defense as she is facing criticisms online.