state What surfing taught me about reforming state-owned enterprises -- by Rafael Abbasov By blogs.adb.org Published On :: Thu, 19 Sep 2019 10:56:47 +0800 Reforming state-owned enterprises can be an extraordinarily complex activity but it is underpinned by a single clear goal. Full Article
state Building credit: How state-owned enterprises can get foreign financing for infrastructure -- by Donald Lambert By blogs.adb.org Published On :: Fri, 20 Sep 2019 08:33:45 +0800 State-owned enterprises face unique challenges when it comes to attracting foreign financing for infrastructure projects. But there are solutions. Full Article
state Real estate company MD booked for alleged fraud By www.indianrealtynews.com Published On :: Fri, 23 May 2014 06:29:54 +0000 GURGAON: The managing director of real estate company Vigneshwara Group and two of his family members have been booked by Gurgaon Police in a multi-crore fraud case. Some estimates put the scale of the fraud at more than Rs 1,000 crore. Despite taking money from around 700 investors for properties in and around Gurgaon in 2006-07, and promising assured returns till possession, the group allegedly didn’t begin construction of some projects and defaulted on payments to investors. An FIR was filed at Sushant Lok police station against group MD Sunil Dahiya, his brother Sanjay and father Daryav Singh. Dahiya hasn’t been taken into custody yet because he complained of illness […] Full Article Gurgaon Real Estate Developers Real Estate India
state HC bars state from issuing land-use licences in NCR By www.indianrealtynews.com Published On :: Sat, 25 Jan 2014 15:23:02 +0000 CHANDIGARH: The Punjab and Haryana high court on Thursday directed the Haryana government not to issue any change of land use (CLU) licence to developers to build colonies in Gurgaon and the National Capital Region till the NCR Planning Board approves a sub-regional plan. The high court also restrained authorities from initiating any process for acquisition of land in these regions till further orders. A division bench headed by Chief Justice Sanjay Kishan Kaul passed these orders while hearing petitions alleging unregulated construction and development around Gurgaon and NCR without the mandatory sub-regional plan from the NCRPB. The petitioners had also challenged the proposed Gurgaon master plan of 2025 and […] Full Article Faridabad Gurgaon NCR
state FDI in real estate may double after easing of rules: NAREDCO By www.indianrealtynews.com Published On :: Thu, 30 Oct 2014 23:04:26 +0000 NEW DELHI: Foreign direct investment (FDI) in the real estate sector could jump over two-fold in the next one year with easing of FDI rules in the construction sector, realtors’ body NAREDCO said today. Real estate developers and consultants were of the view that this move would give fillip to cash-starved realty sector, which is reeling under a slowdown since last 2-3 years. It will help developers in raising funds to complete projects. Yesterday, the Cabinet relaxed FDI rules in construction sector by reducing minimum built-up area as well as capital requirement and easing the exit norms. “Reduction in minimum built-up area to 20,000 sq meters from 50,000 sq meters […] Full Article Delhi Real Estate India
state Real-estate firm asked to pay over Rs 11 lakhs for deficiency of service By www.indianrealtynews.com Published On :: Thu, 06 Nov 2014 23:11:15 +0000 NEW DELHI: The Delhi state consumer panel has asked real estate firm Omaxe Buildhome Pvt Ltd to pay over Rs 11 lakh to a retired Indian Airlines official after holding the realty firm of “deficiency of service” in the allotment of a flat at Greater Noida in Uttar Pradesh. The Delhi State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (SCDRC), presided by judicial member S A Siddiqui, asked the firm to pay Rs 11.14 lakh to Secunderabad resident Pradeep Chaudhary. Chaudhary had approached the Commission alleging “unfair trade practice” and “deficiency of service” on the firm’s part and said that despite his strong opposition, the company, on its own, changed the location of […] Full Article Delhi Real Estate India
state Face masks make a political statement in era of coronavirus By www.denverpost.com Published On :: Thu, 07 May 2020 13:49:26 +0000 The decision to wear a mask in public is becoming a political statement — a moment to pick sides in a brewing culture war over containing the coronavirus. Full Article Latest News National Politics Politics coronavirus governmentandpolitics governmentandpolitics-elections health
state ADB Approves $177 Million Loan for Road Improvement in India's Maharashtra State By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-04-27 00:00:00 ADB has approved a $177 million loan to India to upgrade 450 kilometers (km) of state highways and major district roads in Maharashtra State. Full Article
state ‘By March, $10 billion of real estate investment trusts may get listed if Govt provides tax relief’ By www.indianrealtynews.com Published On :: Tue, 11 Nov 2014 23:15:59 +0000 Alastair Hughes, CEO (Asia Pacific) of Jones Lang LaSalle (JLL), who was in Bangalore to hold a board meeting of the Asia Pacific region comprising China, Japan, Australia, South East Asia and India, spoke to BusinessLine to share the real estate market sentiment and key issues on corporate leasing. How is the realty market in India as compared to other countries in Asia Pacific ? India has seen a dramatic recovery. The hangover did not last very long as it had in 2010-2011. The market is very dynamic here right now. While Asia-Pacific began to recover in 2012-2013, India went through a lull, largely due to lack of business confidence, […] Full Article Bangalore Real Estate India
state India: Madhya Pradesh State Roads Project III By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-02-07 00:00:00 The State Government of Madhya Pradesh requested the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to finance the rehabilitation and upgrade of 1,080 km of state highways in Madhya Pradesh under the state road rehabilitation program. The project was to upgrade existing roads to two or intermediate lanes (two-lane standard), strengthen existing pavement, strengthen culverts and bridges, and construct new bridges and cross-draining structures. The project roads were mostly in poor areas of the state in the eastern and west central areas of Madhya Pradesh. Full Article Evaluation Document
state How can a State-Owned Enterprise be eligible to bid for ADB projects? By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-04-06 00:00:00 This video defines State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) and guides borrowers on how to assess their viability to participate as bidders under ADB funded projects. Full Article
state ‘Next 30 days good time to buy real estate’ By www.indianrealtynews.com Published On :: Tue, 27 May 2014 19:26:29 +0000 New Delhi: Nearly 60 percent of Indians think that next one month would be a good time to buy real estate with improvement in consumer sentiments following formation of a stable government, according to a survey by global research firm Ipsos. “Almost six in ten (57 percent) Indians think the next 30 days will be a good time to buy real estate, such as a house, vacation property or investment property,” Ipsos said in a statement. Founded in France in 1975, Ipsos is an independent market research company controlled and managed by research professionals. “With the formation of a new stable government at the Centre, the consumer sentiment which was […] Full Article NRI Real Estate Developers Real Estate India Real Estate Trends
state Brahma Management to invest Rs 3,000 crore in Indian real estate sector By www.indianrealtynews.com Published On :: Thu, 19 Jun 2014 00:05:20 +0000 Nine years after it was formed, New York-based Brahma Management has lined up big investments for the Indian real estate market . Brahma, an FDI-funded investment and asset management company, has already invested around Rs 2,500 crore in the sector and has plans to put in another Rs 3,000 crore over the next two years. So far, its investments in the realty sector include Gurgaon-based projects Brahma City and Athena, and The Valley, a joint venture township project in Panchkula. While Athena is a retail and commercial office center, Brahma City is a gated township spread over 150 acres of land. Indian real estate market has been facing strong headwinds […] Full Article FDI NRI Real Estate India
state Maharashtra State Road Improvement Project By www.adb.org Published On :: 2020-04-24 00:00:00 Approved project 52298-001 in India. Full Article
state Regulatory Frameworks for Reforms of State-Owned Enterprises in Thailand and Malaysia By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-04-18 00:00:00 Regulatory reforms should focus on building up market competition, which indirectly forces state-owned enterprises to improve their operation toward efficiency. Full Article
state Regulatory Frameworks for Reforms of State-Owned Enterprises in Thailand and Malaysia By www.adb.org Published On :: 2020-04-18 00:00:00 Regulatory reforms should focus on building up market competition, which indirectly forces state-owned enterprises to improve their operation toward efficiency. Full Article
state Steep rentals, lack of quality retail real estate making it tough for luxury brands to expand business in India By www.indianrealtynews.com Published On :: Tue, 19 Aug 2014 20:09:12 +0000 MUMBAI/DELHI: Niche luxury brands like Italian suit maker Kiton and British shoemaker John Lobb have started bespoke made-to-order services in India, but they are in no hurry to open swanky stores in the country. Reason: inability to find a place on the right location at reasonable rates. “Rentals in India are as high as international markets, but the demand is not as much,” said Pratik Dalmia, founder of Mumbai-based Regalia Luxury, which has the rights to market and sell Kiton and John Lobb brands in India. Steep rentals and lack of quality retail real estate at strategic locations near high-income neighbourhoods are making it hard for luxury brands to expand […] Full Article Delhi Gurgaon Mumbai Real Estate India
state State PWD divides work zones for better monitoring of projects By www.indianrealtynews.com Published On :: Sun, 05 Jan 2014 10:49:09 +0000 KOLKATA: The state Public Works department (PWD) have divided all its circles into three zones – North, West and South for better supervision and monitoring of development projects of various government department entrusted to PWD all over the state. The PWD authorities were mulling on the plan to reorganise all its circles with the aim to implement the concept of coming up with three zones – North zone, West zone and South zone – so that the authorities can properly monitor and supervise all development projects that have been entrusted on them by the other departments. The PWD has several circles under the PWD road division, national highway and state […] Full Article Kolkata
state What A Government That Means Business Can Do For Real Estate By www.indianrealtynews.com Published On :: Sat, 07 Jun 2014 04:56:26 +0000 The dust has settled on the elections drama and the BJP is now firmly in the driver’s seat. By and large, this is being seen as the best possible news for the Indian real estate sector – and rightly so. Narendra Modi has the business mind-set, background and also determination which are called for to bring India’s entire economy back on track. What the real estate sector now awaits is his policy approach to the issue of housing in India. Now, as the country stands poised on the verge of a major change in economic climate, it is a good time to reflect on why boosting the housing sector is […] Full Article Banking and Finance Delhi Real Estate India Real Estate Trends Retail Market
state Its raining investments in real estate sector By www.indianrealtynews.com Published On :: Fri, 13 Jun 2014 00:37:55 +0000 Investment in the real estate sector in January-March, 2014, has more than doubled to $800 from the previous quarter of only $317 million, mainly driven by corporate land sales. Around $597 million was invested in the sector a year ago. More platform deals and equity stake acquisitions can be expected. “Although India is not yet a significant player in the regional real estate investment market, going forward, we expect the entry of real estate investment trusts (REITs) to provide alternative funding channels to the sector and trigger strong growth in its investment volumes,†said Anshuman Magazine, chairman and managing director, CBRE South Asia. For the quarter ended March 2014, nearly […] Full Article FDI Property Prices Real Estate India Real Estate Trends
state Internet influencing real estate decisions worth $43billion in India: Google By www.indianrealtynews.com Published On :: Wed, 18 Jun 2014 23:58:10 +0000 NEW DELHI: As more Indians log online to seek information before entering into property deals, Internet today is estimated to be influencing decisions worth about USD 43 billion, search engine giant Google said. According to a study commissioned by the US-based firm, over 50 per cent of real estate buyers’ decisions are influenced by Internet research. “This phenomenon of researching online for real estate information before making a decision is not limited to metros but also extended to buyers in tier II cities,” Google India Industry Director Nitin Bawankule told reporters here. The overall influence of Internet on real estate transaction value of both residential and commercial property including rentals […] Full Article Delhi Gurgaon Mumbai Noida Real Estate Developers Real Estate India
state Schumer: Reopening states without more tests is 'dangerous' By www.reuters.com Published On :: Thu, 07 May 2020 15:38:19 -0400 Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer on Thursday said it was 'dangerous' for the Trump administration to pressure states and businesses to 'reopen without a plan for a dramatic increase in testing'. Full Article
state Australia's biggest states hold off on easing COVID-19 restrictions for businesses By feeds.reuters.com Published On :: Sat, 09 May 2020 03:01:17 -0400 Australia's most populous states held back from relaxing coronavirus restrictions on Saturday although other states began allowing small gatherings and were preparing to open restaurants and shops. Full Article topNews
state U.S. watchdog agency says coronavirus whistleblower should be reinstated By feeds.reuters.com Published On :: Sat, 09 May 2020 07:30:06 -0400 A U.S. government watchdog agency has recommended the temporary reinstatement of a whistleblower who says he was removed as director of a government research office because he raised concerns about coronavirus preparedness, his lawyers said on Friday. Full Article topNews
state EU Commission calls for state guarantees for vouchers for cancelled travel By feeds.reuters.com Published On :: Sat, 09 May 2020 05:00:04 -0400 The European Commission will tell countries in the European Union to provide state guarantees for travel vouchers during the coronavirus pandemic, if they prefer people to accept the vouchers instead of cash refunds, according to a strategy document seen by Reuters. Full Article companyNews
state Schumer: Reopening states without more tests is 'dangerous' By feeds.reuters.com Published On :: Thu, 07 May 2020 15:38:19 -0400 Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer on Thursday said it was 'dangerous' for the Trump administration to pressure states and businesses to 'reopen without a plan for a dramatic increase in testing'. Full Article
state As U.S. states reopen, White House keeps CDC guidance on the shelf By feeds.reuters.com Published On :: Thu, 07 May 2020 20:48:20 -0400 The White House shelved a step-by-step guide prepared by U.S. health officials to help states safely reopen mass transit and businesses closed by the coronavirus pandemic, an administration official said on Thursday. This report produced by Chris Dignam. Full Article
state As U.S. states reopen, White House keeps CDC guidance on the shelf By www.reuters.com Published On :: Thu, 07 May 2020 20:48:20 -0400 The White House shelved a step-by-step guide prepared by U.S. health officials to help states safely reopen mass transit and businesses closed by the coronavirus pandemic, an administration official said on Thursday. This report produced by Chris Dignam. Full Article
state Schumer: Reopening states without more tests is 'dangerous' By www.reuters.com Published On :: Thu, 07 May 2020 15:38:19 -0400 Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer on Thursday said it was 'dangerous' for the Trump administration to pressure states and businesses to 'reopen without a plan for a dramatic increase in testing'. Full Article
state As U.S. states reopen, White House keeps CDC guidance on the shelf By www.reuters.com Published On :: Thu, 07 May 2020 20:48:20 -0400 The White House shelved a step-by-step guide prepared by U.S. health officials to help states safely reopen mass transit and businesses closed by the coronavirus pandemic, an administration official said on Thursday. This report produced by Chris Dignam. Full Article
state Lose Weight, Lower Prostate Cancer Risk By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Mon, 9 Mar 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: Lose Weight, Lower Prostate Cancer RiskCategory: Health NewsCreated: 3/6/2020 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 3/9/2020 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state Measles Strikes 72 People in 10 States By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: Measles Strikes 72 People in 10 StatesCategory: Health NewsCreated: 5/2/2008 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 5/2/2008 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state Prostate Cancer Vaccine May Get FDA Approval By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: Prostate Cancer Vaccine May Get FDA ApprovalCategory: Health NewsCreated: 4/27/2010 8:10:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 4/27/2010 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state Provenge Approved for Advanced Prostate Cancer By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: Provenge Approved for Advanced Prostate CancerCategory: Health NewsCreated: 4/29/2010 2:10:00 PMLast Editorial Review: 4/30/2010 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state Happiest States Have Most Suicides By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: Happiest States Have Most SuicidesCategory: Health NewsCreated: 4/23/2011 11:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 4/25/2011 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state FDA Approves Prostate Cancer Drug Zytiga By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: FDA Approves Prostate Cancer Drug ZytigaCategory: Health NewsCreated: 4/29/2011 11:01:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 4/29/2011 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state Pediatrician Group Issues Home Birth Policy Statement By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: Pediatrician Group Issues Home Birth Policy StatementCategory: Health NewsCreated: 4/29/2013 10:35:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 4/29/2013 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state Could Certain Fatty Foods Be Linked to Aggressive Prostate Cancer? By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: Could Certain Fatty Foods Be Linked to Aggressive Prostate Cancer?Category: Health NewsCreated: 4/22/2016 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 4/25/2016 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state Speed of Heart Attack Treatment Can Vary by State By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: Speed of Heart Attack Treatment Can Vary by StateCategory: Health NewsCreated: 5/1/2018 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 5/2/2018 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state Kentucky, Indiana Latest States with Hepatitis A Outbreaks By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: Kentucky, Indiana Latest States with Hepatitis A OutbreaksCategory: Health NewsCreated: 5/2/2018 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 5/3/2018 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state Most States Restrict Pregnant Women's Advance Directives: Study By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: Most States Restrict Pregnant Women's Advance Directives: StudyCategory: Health NewsCreated: 4/26/2019 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 4/29/2019 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state One High Dose of Radiation May Be Enough for Early Prostate Cancer By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: One High Dose of Radiation May Be Enough for Early Prostate CancerCategory: Health NewsCreated: 4/30/2019 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 4/30/2019 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state Coronavirus Antibody Tests Show Inaccuracies, as Some States Prepare to Reopen By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: Coronavirus Antibody Tests Show Inaccuracies, as Some States Prepare to ReopenCategory: Health NewsCreated: 4/25/2020 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 4/27/2020 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state States Move Forward With Plans to Reopen as Coronavirus Case Count Passes 930,000 By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: States Move Forward With Plans to Reopen as Coronavirus Case Count Passes 930,000Category: Health NewsCreated: 4/26/2020 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 4/27/2020 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state In COVID Crisis, Nearly Half of People in Some U.S. States Are Going Hungry By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: In COVID Crisis, Nearly Half of People in Some U.S. States Are Going HungryCategory: Health NewsCreated: 4/28/2020 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 4/28/2020 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state National Coronavirus Testing Strategy Announced as States Reopen By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: National Coronavirus Testing Strategy Announced as States ReopenCategory: Health NewsCreated: 4/28/2020 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 4/28/2020 12:00:00 AM Full Article
state SLFN11 Expression in Advanced Prostate Cancer and Response to Platinum-based Chemotherapy By mct.aacrjournals.org Published On :: 2020-05-04T05:39:42-07:00 Expression of the DNA/RNA helicase schlafen family member 11 (SLFN11) has been identified as a sensitizer of tumor cells to DNA-damaging agents including platinum chemotherapy. We assessed the impact of SLFN11 expression on response to platinum chemotherapy and outcomes in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Tumor expression of SLFN11 was assessed in 41 patients with CRPC treated with platinum chemotherapy by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of metastatic biopsy tissue (n = 27) and/or immunofluorescence in circulating tumor cells (CTC; n = 20). Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier methods were used to evaluate the association of SLFN11 expression with radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis included tumor histology (i.e., adenocarcinoma or neuroendocrine) and the presence or absence of DNA repair aberrations. Patient-derived organoids with SLFN11 expression and after knockout by CRISPR-Cas9 were treated with platinum and assessed for changes in dose response. Patients were treated with platinum combination (N = 38) or platinum monotherapy (N = 3). Median lines of prior therapy for CRPC was two. Median OS was 8.7 months. Overexpression of SLFN11 in metastatic tumors by RNA-seq was associated with longer rPFS compared with those without overexpression (6.9 vs. 2.8 months, HR = 3.72; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.56–8.87; P < 0.001); similar results were observed for patients with SLFN11-positive versus SLFN11-negative CTCs (rPFS 6.0 vs. 2.2 months, HR = 4.02; 95% CI, 0.77–20.86; P = 0.002). A prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline of ≥50% was observed in all patients with SLFN11 overexpression. No association was observed between SLFN11 expression and OS. On multivariable analysis, SLFN11 was an independent factor associated with rPFS on platinum therapy. Platinum response of organoids expressing SLFN11 was reduced after SLFN11 knockout. Our data suggest that SLFN11 expression might identify patients with CRPC with a better response to platinum chemotherapy independent of histology or other genomic alterations. Additional studies, also in the context of PARP inhibitors, are warranted. Full Article
state State Licensing Board Requirements for Entry into the Dental Hygiene Profession By jdh.adha.org Published On :: 2020-04-30T12:39:03-07:00 Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify current requirements for initial licensure and entry into the dental hygiene profession across state dental and dental hygiene licensing boards in the United States.Methods: A non-experimental study design was used to study dental and dental hygiene board licensing requirements in the United States, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Each regulatory board website was searched for requirements for entry-level dental hygiene licensure. Requirements were recorded on an Excel spreadsheet. State dental practice acts were reviewed to gather further information and 20 regulatory bodies were contacted to verify accuracy. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data.Results: Information from a total of 52 dental boards (n=52) was examined for this study. Nearly all boards (n=51, 98.1%), with the exception of Alabama, required completion of entry-level education from a CODA accredited dental hygiene program and successful completion of the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination. Most states (n=51, 98.1%), except Delaware, also required a live-patient, a clinical board examination. Application fees ranged from $47.70 to $600. States varied considerably in terms of requirements for background checks, age, military status, and infection control training.Conclusion: Although the majority of regulatory bodies require completion of entry-level dental hygiene education from a CODA accredited program and successful completion of national board and a live-patient, clinical examination, there is considerable variation in other additional requirements for initial dental hygiene licensure. Full Article
state Host and Symbiont Cell Cycle Coordination Is Mediated by Symbiotic State, Nutrition, and Partner Identity in a Model Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Symbiosis By mbio.asm.org Published On :: 2020-03-10T01:30:41-07:00 ABSTRACT The cell cycle is a critical component of cellular proliferation, differentiation, and response to stress, yet its role in the regulation of intracellular symbioses is not well understood. To explore host-symbiont cell cycle coordination in a marine symbiosis, we employed a model for coral-dinoflagellate associations: the tropical sea anemone Aiptasia (Exaiptasia pallida) and its native microalgal photosymbionts (Breviolum minutum and Breviolum psygmophilum). Using fluorescent labeling and spatial point-pattern image analyses to characterize cell population distributions in both partners, we developed protocols that are tailored to the three-dimensional cellular landscape of a symbiotic sea anemone tentacle. Introducing cultured symbiont cells to symbiont-free adult hosts increased overall host cell proliferation rates. The acceleration occurred predominantly in the symbiont-containing gastrodermis near clusters of symbionts but was also observed in symbiont-free epidermal tissue layers, indicating that the presence of symbionts contributes to elevated proliferation rates in the entire host during colonization. Symbiont cell cycle progression differed between cultured algae and those residing within hosts; the endosymbiotic state resulted in increased S-phase but decreased G2/M-phase symbiont populations. These phenotypes and the deceleration of cell cycle progression varied with symbiont identity and host nutritional status. These results demonstrate that host and symbiont cells have substantial and species-specific effects on the proliferation rates of their mutualistic partners. This is the first empirical evidence to support species-specific regulation of the symbiont cell cycle within a single cnidarian-dinoflagellate association; similar regulatory mechanisms likely govern interpartner coordination in other coral-algal symbioses and shape their ecophysiological responses to a changing climate. IMPORTANCE Biomass regulation is critical to the overall health of cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbioses. Despite the central role of the cell cycle in the growth and proliferation of cnidarian host cells and dinoflagellate symbionts, there are few studies that have examined the potential for host-symbiont coregulation. This study provides evidence for the acceleration of host cell proliferation when in local proximity to clusters of symbionts within cnidarian tentacles. The findings suggest that symbionts augment the cell cycle of not only their enveloping host cells but also neighboring cells in the epidermis and gastrodermis. This provides a possible mechanism for rapid colonization of cnidarian tissues. In addition, the cell cycles of symbionts differed depending on nutritional regime, symbiotic state, and species identity. The responses of cell cycle profiles to these different factors implicate a role for species-specific regulation of symbiont cell cycles within host cnidarian tissues. Full Article
state Flagellum-Mediated Mechanosensing and RflP Control Motility State of Pathogenic Escherichia coli By mbio.asm.org Published On :: 2020-03-24T01:31:01-07:00 ABSTRACT Bacterial flagellar motility plays an important role in many processes that occur at surfaces or in hydrogels, including adhesion, biofilm formation, and bacterium-host interactions. Consequently, expression of flagellar genes, as well as genes involved in biofilm formation and virulence, can be regulated by the surface contact. In a few bacterial species, flagella themselves are known to serve as mechanosensors, where an increased load on flagella experienced during surface contact or swimming in viscous media controls gene expression. In this study, we show that gene regulation by motility-dependent mechanosensing is common among pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. This regulatory mechanism requires flagellar rotation, and it enables pathogenic E. coli to repress flagellar genes at low loads in liquid culture, while activating motility in porous medium (soft agar) or upon surface contact. It also controls several other cellular functions, including metabolism and signaling. The mechanosensing response in pathogenic E. coli depends on the negative regulator of motility, RflP (YdiV), which inhibits basal expression of flagellar genes in liquid. While no conditional inhibition of flagellar gene expression in liquid and therefore no upregulation in porous medium was observed in the wild-type commensal or laboratory strains of E. coli, mechanosensitive regulation could be recovered by overexpression of RflP in the laboratory strain. We hypothesize that this conditional activation of flagellar genes in pathogenic E. coli reflects adaptation to the dual role played by flagella and motility during infection. IMPORTANCE Flagella and motility are widespread virulence factors among pathogenic bacteria. Motility enhances the initial host colonization, but the flagellum is a major antigen targeted by the host immune system. Here, we demonstrate that pathogenic E. coli strains employ a mechanosensory function of the flagellar motor to activate flagellar expression under high loads, while repressing it in liquid culture. We hypothesize that this mechanism allows pathogenic E. coli to regulate its motility dependent on the stage of infection, activating flagellar expression upon initial contact with the host epithelium, when motility is beneficial, but reducing it within the host to delay the immune response. Full Article