BACKGROUND:

Long delays between parents’ initial concerns about their children’s development and a subsequent autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis are common. Although discussions between parents and providers about early ASD concerns can be difficult, they are critical for initiating early, specialized services. The principles of shared decision-making can facilitate these discussions. This qualitative study was designed to gain insights from parents of young children with ASD about their experiences communicating with primary care providers with the goal of identifying strategies for improving conversations and decision-making regarding the early detection of ASD.

With more than 40 million unique visitors a year, GreatSchools.org is a wildly popular source of information on K-12 schools. Though the site has added more factors and nuance to how it rates schools, researchers argue that it’s exacerbating already existing patterns of segregation.

When schools reduce racial segregation between schools, racial isolation within the classes inside those schools goes up, according to an analysis of 20 years of North Carolina data.

The appeals court put the brakes on a predominantly white community's racially tinged efforts to secede from a larger school system.

School segregation may feel intractable, but there are steps school and district leaders can take. Michele Shannon would know.

A growing movement to shed Confederate names on public schools has drawn attention in recent years. But public schools named in honor of segregationists haven't drawn the same level of scrutiny.

Racial and economic segregation remains deeply entrenched in American schools. Denisa R. Superville considers the six steps one district is taking to change that.

Bernie Sanders' sweeping vision would establish a $60,000 minimum salary for teachers, while clamping down on charters and boosting efforts to desegregate schools. It's hard to see a lot of it becoming a reality.

Court-ordered school desegregation has been more successful in the South than in any other region of the country, but researchers have noted a new threat: the growing number of communities that are seceding from larger school districts to form their own.

Few districts have done as much as Wake County, N.C., to keep schools racially and socioeconomically diverse, but’s it’s a battle the school board says it has been losing. Can it reverse the trend?

Education Week found 22 public schools named after politicians who signed the Southern Manifesto opposing school integration after the 1954 Brown v. Board Supreme Court decision.

Former Vice President Joe Biden’s recent remarks on his willingness to work with segregationists resurrected his long-ago efforts to oppose school busing. Will it hurt his campaign?

With more than 40 million unique visitors a year, GreatSchools.org is a wildly popular source of information on K-12 schools. Though the site has added more factors and nuance to how it rates schools, researchers argue that it’s exacerbating already existing patterns of segregation.

When schools reduce racial segregation between schools, racial isolation within the classes inside those schools goes up, according to an analysis of 20 years of North Carolina data.

Dougherty County, a largely black school district in an region heavily affected by coronavirus, is no longer subject to desegregation orders first imposed in 1963.

In 1951, John A. Stokes joined other black students in a strike over the condition of their school and subsequently became a figure in Brown v. Board of Ed. Hear his story and the message he wants to share with students today.

Hosts Istanbul must face qualifying stars Zagreb in the group stage following the draw for the tenth UEFA Regions' Cup finals, with former winners Castilla y León in the other section.

The schedule for the UEFA Regions' Cup finals in Turkey has been confirmed, with host team Istanbul taking on Ukraine's Ingulec in their opening game, while former winners Castilla y León meet Olomouc.

The UEFA Regions' Cup final tournament programme is available for download, with detailed information about the eight teams going for gold at the world's top amateur tournament.

Small but beautiful, the UEFA Regions' Cup kicks off in Turkey at the weekend; get the inside line on the world's top amateur tournament and the contenders for the 2017 crown.

Eoin Hayes's first-half strike earned the Group B points for Irish side Region 2 as Russia's South Region failed to convert their possession into a single shot on goal.

The Spanish side had the bulk of the chances, but Eoin Hayes hit the woodwork for Gerry Davies' Irish challengers as the battle for top spot in Group B ended in stalemate.

Aleksei Lomovtsev struck nine minutes after half-time as Russia's South Region kept themselves in contention going into the last group games; Olomouc are out.

The Spanish side let a two-goal lead slip in their last Group B game, ten-man South Region recovering to win it in added time, substitute Sergei Sokolov the match winner.

Eoin Hayes struck either side of half-time as Region 2 accelerated away from Olomouc, a 4-1 victory enough to take them into Sunday's UEFA Regions' Cup final as Group B winners.

Two years on from losing the final, Zagreb have clinched the UEFA Regions' Cup crown following Toni Adžić's first-half goal in a 1-0 victory against Irish hopefuls Region 2.

Europe's top competition for amateur players returns for 2018/19 with 39 nations discovering the fate of their eventual representatives in the preliminary and intermediate round draws.

Teams from the Czech Republic, France, Slovakia, Germany, Spain, Turkey, Poland and Russia are in the finals.

Bavaria will host the eight-team UEFA Regions' Cup finals from 18 to 26 June.

The UEFA Regions' Cup finals draw was held during half-time of Bayern v Liverpool.

The UEFA Regions' Cup, is a unique amateur competition with nine different winners in its 11 editions.

All the results as Dolny Śląsk claimed the European amateur title in Bavaria after an eight-team finals.

Poland's Dolny Śląsk came from behind to beat hosts Bavaria 3-2 for the amateur title in a final of five penalties.

Dolny Śląsk beat hosts Bavaria 3-2 in a thrilling final to become only the second two-time winners.

When the ruthless crime boss and Mafia Godfather Sam Giancana was gunned down in Illinois in 1975, he was quickly replaced by yet another murderous protégé from the Chicago Crime Syndicate, Tony Accardo.

Amid the Trump administration's push to slash federal red tape, educators, advocates, and parents tell the U.S. secretary of education they're worried about the effect that could have on historically overlooked groups of students.

Former Vice President Joe Biden’s recent remarks on his willingness to work with segregationists resurrected his long-ago efforts to oppose school busing. Will it hurt his campaign?

Autism has been associated with pregnancy and birth complications that may indicate a suboptimal prenatal environment. Although the interpregnancy interval (IPI) may affect the prenatal environment, the association between the IPI and risk for autism is not known.

Using full-sibling pairs from a large population, the authors examined the association between autism and IPIs. Second-born children conceived after an IPI of <12 months had more than threefold increased odds of autism relative to those with IPIs of ≥36 months. (Read the full article)

Associations between short sleep duration, obesity, and metabolic dysfunction have been proposed for children but have not been explored appropriately.

The main findings included a nonlinear trend between sleep duration and body weight and the finding that children's sleep averaged 8 hours per night regardless of body weight. Lower sleep duration values were strongly associated with increased metabolic risk. (Read the full article)

Pediatric weight gain is a critical aspect of the obesity epidemic. Chronic stress produces physiologic perturbations capable of altering brain mechanisms related to eating as well as those implicated in self-regulatory behaviors.

We show that early childhood risk exposures are associated with weight gain in adolescence, independent of childhood BMI. We also find that deficiencies in self-regulatory processes help explain the link between chronic stress and adiposity. (Read the full article)

Newborn screening (NBS) programs may store bloodspot samples and use them for secondary purposes, such as research. Recent public controversies and lawsuits over storage and secondary uses underscore the need to engage the public on these issues.

This public engagement study identifies values underlying citizens’ acceptance of and discomfort with research from NBS samples. Well-designed methods of public education and civic discourse on the risks and benefits of storage and secondary uses of NBS samples are required. (Read the full article)

The retention and use of residual bloodspots is a practice of many state newborn screening programs. This practice has become controversial, and little is known about public attitudes on the retention and research use of newborn residual bloodspots.

This study offers a detailed analysis of public attitudes regarding bloodspot retention and use for biomedical research. The results also offer insights on how education regarding this practice influences support for newborn screening and residual bloodspot use. (Read the full article)

Registries have been established in a number of countries to monitor the health of patients with cystic fibrosis. Few international comparisons have been made between registries. International data registry comparisons may be useful for informing best practice and benchmarking.

Registry comparisons are feasible but are limited by factors such as nonstandardization of data collection. Lung function was lower in Australian children with cystic fibrosis compared with their US counterparts after adjusting for the benefits of diagnosis after newborn screening. (Read the full article)

Vitamin D levels in the general population have decreased considerably over the past decade. The implications of maternal vitamin D insufficiency during pregnancy for offspring neurocognitive development remain unclear.

Studying a large sample and using a prospective longitudinal design, this study demonstrates a link between maternal vitamin D insufficiency during pregnancy and offspring language impairment. There was no association with childhood behavioral or emotional problems. (Read the full article)

Infantile colic affects almost 10% of all infants and is characterized by crying and fussing in an otherwise healthy and well-fed infant. Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoking is a risk factor, but it is unclear whether nicotine causes the association.

Infants exposed to nicotine replacement therapy during pregnancy had elevated infantile colic risk of the same magnitude as infants exposed to tobacco smoking. Intrauterine exposure to nicotine may play a causal role in the pathogenesis of infantile colic. (Read the full article)

Emergency contraception is a safe and effective method of pregnancy prevention after unprotected intercourse.

Pharmacies commonly communicate misinformation, both to adolescents and to physicians, concerning who is able to access emergency contraception and through what means. (Read the full article)

Estimates of youth participation in strangulation activity, commonly referred to as the "choking game," range from 5% to 11%. Previous studies have documented correlations between youth choking game participation and health risks such as substance use and mental health issues.

Among Oregon eighth-graders surveyed, >6% had ever participated in the choking game. Participation was linked to poor nutrition and gambling among females, exposure to violence among males, and sexual activity and substance use among both genders. (Read the full article)