ISLAMABAD: As many as 1.6 billion of the world’s 2bn informal economy workers are affected by Covid-19 lockdown and containment measures, a new briefing paper issued by the International Labour Organi­sation (ILO) said.

Most are working in the hardest-hit sectors or in small units more vulnerable to shocks including workers in accommodation and food services, manufacturing, wholesale and retail, and the more than 500 million farmers producing for the urban market, the report says. Women are particularly affected in high-risk sectors, it adds.

The Covid-19 lockdown and containment measures threaten to increase relative poverty levels among the world’s informal economy workers by as much as 56 percentage points in low-income countries.

In high-income countries, relative poverty levels among informal workers is estimated to increase by 52 percentage points, while in upper middle-income countries the increase is estimated to be 21 percentage points.

In addition, with these workers needing to work to feed their families, Covid-19 containment measures in many countries cannot be implemented successfully. This is endangering governments’ efforts to protect the population and fight the pandemic. It may become a source of social tension in countries with large informal economies, the report says.

More than 75 per cent of total informal employment takes place in businesses of fewer than ten workers, including 45pc of independent workers without employees.

With most informal workers having no other means of support, they face an almost unsolvable dilemma: to die from hunger or from the virus, the briefing says. This has been exacerbated by disruptions in food supplies, which has particularly affected those in the informal economy.

For the world’s 67 million domestic workers, 75pc of whom are informal workers, unemployment has become as threatening as the virus itself. Many have not been able to work, whether at the request of their employers or in compliance with lockdowns. Those who do continue to go to work face a high risk of contagion, caring for families in private households. For the 11 million migrant domestic workers the situation is even worse.

The countries with the largest informal economies, where full lockdowns have been adopted, are suffering the most from the consequences of the pandemic. Informal economy workers significantly impacted by lockdown vary from 89pc in Latin America and the Arab states to 83pc in Africa, 73pc in Asia and the Pacific, and 64pc in Europe and Central Asia.

Countries need to follow a multi-track strategy that combines several lines of actions relating to both the health and economic impacts of the pandemic, the ILO said.

Among its recommendations, the report highlights the need for policies that reduce the exposure of informal workers to the virus; ensure that those infected have access to health care; provide income and food support to individuals and their families; and prevent damage to the economic fabric of countries.

Published in Dawn, May 9th, 2020

A major focus of the Phuentsholing Township Development Project is to provide a safer space in which the town can grow by helping develop a new urban center with raised ground levels in an area sheltered by the embankments.

The last "supermoon" of 2020 rose in the night sky on Thursday over a world beginning to re-emerge after weeks of coronavirus-related lockdowns.

Title: Baby Boom After Pandemic Lockdowns? Maybe Not
Category: Health News
Created: 5/8/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/8/2020 12:00:00 AM

Researchers conducted nearly 1,500 online interviews and found that nearly 82% of those surveyed said they didn't plan to conceive during the coronavirus pandemic.

ABSTRACT

Reversible repression of HIV-1 5' long terminal repeat (5'-LTR)-mediated transcription represents the main mechanism for HIV-1 to maintain latency. Identification of host factors that modulate LTR activity and viral latency may help develop new antiretroviral therapies. The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are known to regulate gene expression and possess multiple physiological functions. hnRNP family members have recently been identified as the sensors for viral nucleic acids to induce antiviral responses, highlighting the crucial roles of hnRNPs in regulating viral infection. A member of the hnRNP family, X-linked RNA-binding motif protein (RBMX), has been identified in this study as a novel HIV-1 restriction factor that modulates HIV-1 5'-LTR-driven transcription of viral genome in CD4⁺ T cells. Mechanistically, RBMX binds to HIV-1 proviral DNA at the LTR downstream region and maintains the repressive trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me3), leading to a blockage of the recruitment of the positive transcription factor phosphorylated RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) and consequential impediment of transcription elongation. This RBMX-mediated modulation of HIV-1 transcription maintains viral latency by inhibiting viral reactivation from an integrated proviral DNA. Our findings provide a new understanding of how host factors modulate HIV-1 infection and latency and suggest a potential new target for the development of HIV-1 therapies.

IMPORTANCE HIV-1 latency featuring silence of transcription from HIV-1 proviral DNA represents a major obstacle for HIV-1 eradication. Reversible repression of HIV-1 5'-LTR-mediated transcription represents the main mechanism for HIV-1 to maintain latency. The 5'-LTR-driven HIV gene transcription can be modulated by multiple host factors and mechanisms. The hnRNPs are known to regulate gene expression. A member of the hnRNP family, RBMX, has been identified in this study as a novel HIV-1 restriction factor that modulates HIV-1 5'-LTR-driven transcription of viral genome in CD4⁺ T cells and maintains viral latency. These findings provide a new understanding of how host factors modulate HIV-1 infection and latency and suggest a potential new target for the development of HIV-1 therapies.

Hundreds of workers pass through Ajo, Arizona, daily. Residents say they have been partying and visiting stores in large groups

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Unlike the rest of the US, the sleepy border community of Ajo, Arizona, is busier than ever these days, as hundreds of border wall construction workers pass through each day.

“The rest of us are staying at home just the way the governor has ordered,” said Susan Guinn-Lahm, an Ajo resident in her 60s. “We’re taking this seriously. They are not.”

The last "supermoon" of 2020 rose in the night sky on Thursday over a world beginning to re-emerge after weeks of coronavirus-related lockdowns.

The crisis over shortages of vital protective clothing for doctors and nurses was laid bare today with the leak of plans to start re-using disposable equipment.

People flocked to beaches in Florida after the state lifted some of its coronavirus lockdown restrictions.

NHS doctors and nurses on the frontline are now being asked to treat coronavirus patients without full-length gowns if necessary, ahead of expected shortages.

Chancellor Rishi Sunak said the Government had faced some unexpected delays to the delivery of personal protective equipment from Turkey.

Netflix has seen a surge in new sign-ups as audiences stayed in their homes to help fight coronavirus and binged on series such as Tiger King.

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Global confirmed coronavirus cases have surpassed three million.

People in countries across Europe are gradually regaining some old freedoms as governments start to lift their coronavirus lockdowns after many weeks.

A shipment of 400,000 gowns from Turkey has reportedly been impounded in a warehouse after falling short of UK standards.

The Government is requesting a refund or replacement for 400,000 medical gowns flown over from Turkey which were later deemed "unusable".

The record is filled with soaring vocals, melodic guitar work, stomping grooves and more

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Couples with dashed wedding plans due to lockdown restrictions have been tying the knot on those tidy green spreads instead, including at least one loaner. Danielle Cartaxo and Ryan Cignarella were supposed to get married in West Orange, New Jersey, on April 11 at a venue with sweeping views of the New York City skyline. The two live in Wayne, Pennsylvania, about 100 miles away, but they had a marriage license issued in West Orange, where Cartaxo lived until she was 5.

The slowing economy due to COVID-19 has allowed solar, wind and hydro power to overtake coal-fired power.

Strictly’s newest judge learned to stick up for herself in apartheid-era South Africa. She talks racism, the ‘rift’ with her sister Oti – and learning to dance amid knife fights

Motsi Mabuse is remembering the rough dance halls of apartheid-era South Africa and the shocking sights she would see as she took her first tentative steps across their floors. “When we had competitions,” she says, “we didn’t have security and people would be drunk and starting fights. We were just kids and we’d watch people with knives running through while we were in the middle of a routine. Compared to that, Strictly isn’t so difficult.”

Mabuse, the newest judge on Strictly Come Dancing, first fell for the glitterball world at the age of nine after watching couples waltz, swing and cha-cha-cha while on holiday in Durban. “What I love about my parents is that they didn’t say: ‘Oh, you can’t do that.’ They found a way. But we had a lot of backlash, being the only black kids. People would laugh at us and call us names. We were bullied, but we just kept on coming back – and then we beat them.”

Australia's political landscape has long been tumultuous and rough around the edges. But amoung the rough, there is a diamond. Enter ex-prime minister, sharp shooter and straight talker, Paul Keating. He's sassy AF.

Keating made headlines again Wednesday by implying the country's foreign policy was suffering because governmental powers are too concerned with appeasing the U.S. 

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Crystal Palace winger Andros Townsend says the Premier League season must finish in order to maintain the integrity of the competition.

As vulnerable patients arrive at one hospital's psychiatric ward with just the clothes on their back, a support service is ensuring access to free, clean garments of their choice.

Extreme winds are churning up dust from Broken Hill to Sydney, with some parts of the central west turning red and forcing residents to eat dinner under bedsheets so as not to spoil their food.

Secretariat won a virtual Kentucky Derby against 12 fellow Triple Crown winners, 47 years after the chestnut colt won the real race at Churchill Downs.

A shipment of 400,000 gowns from Turkey which was part of a delayed consignment of PPE has been impounded after falling short of standards.

Imperial College London experts also shoot down hopes that large parts of the population have already recovered from coronavirus.

Thousands of Australian expats fear they could be hit with large capital gains tax bills because they've been unable to return home due to COVID-19 travel restrictions, before a June 30 deadline that would have allowed them to sell their property to avoid liabilities.

SYDNEY and Brisbane are hot but there are two towns redefining the word “scorcher” and adopting bizarre solutions for dealing with the heat.

Who is projected to finish on top of the ladder? What impact will the lack of crowds have on the AFL season? Will the season even be completed? We crunch the numbers ahead of the first bounce.

While the focus is on the suspended AFL season, the coronavirus outbreak is also having a big impact on state-based leagues like the SANFL and the WAFL.

A week after Georgia Gov. Brian Kemp plunged Georgia into the middle of a national social experiment — rolling back restrictions on businesses in an effort to restart the economy after a monthlong shutdown to halt the spread of COVID-19 — some restaurants, salons and tattoo parlors remain shuttered. Most that are opening are proceeding cautiously.

Nearly half of US states will have their ‘stay-at-home’ orders expire this week, paving the way for much of the US to relax its lockdowns.

Today, in federal court in Dallas, U.S. District Judge Jorge A. Solis sentenced the Holy Land Foundation for Relief and Development (HLF) and five of its leaders following their convictions by a federal jury in November 2008 on charges of providing material support to Hamas, a designated foreign terrorist organization.

The department filed a brief as a friend of the court in Sacred Heart Rehabilitation Center Inc. v. Richmond Township and Richmond Township Planning Commission, a civil rights case regarding the expansion of an addictive disorders treatment facility in Macomb County, Mich.

The Department has reached a consent decree with the township of Green Brook, N.J., that, if approved by the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey, will resolve the department’s lawsuit against Green Brook alleging racial discrimination in employment in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended.

Robert Jackson, 37, of Downsville, La., pleaded guilty in federal court to placing a hangman’s noose in the carport of the home of a family in order “to send a message” to African-American males who had been frequently visiting the victim’s home.