1

Palliative care for patients with cancer in COVID-19 era

(JAMA Network) The considerations and challenges affecting the palliative care specialty and delivery of palliative care in the COVID-19 era, as well as potential solutions, are discussed in this Viewpoint.




1

Cancer and COVID-19: Facing the 'C words'

(JAMA Network) This essay discusses similarities between a doctor's experiences with diagnoses of cancer and COVID-19.




1

NIH clinical trial tests remdesivir plus anti-inflammatory drug baricitinib for COVID-19

(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) A randomized, controlled clinical trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of a treatment regimen of the investigational antiviral remdesivir plus the anti-inflammatory drug baricitinib for COVID-19 has begun. The trial is now enrolling hospitalized adults with COVID-19 in the United States. The trial is expected to open at approximately 100 US and international sites. Investigators currently anticipate enrolling more than 1,000 participants. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases is sponsoring the trial.




1

CT scan database of 1000 sets was created for teaching AI to diagnose COVID-19

(Moscow Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies) Researchers of the Moscow Diagnostics and Telemedicine Center collected a dataset that includes more than a thousand sets of chest CT scans of patients with imaging finding of COVID-19. As of today, it is the largest completely anonymized database of CT studies, which has no analogues in Russia or in the world. It is available for download and can be used for developing services based on artificial intelligence technologies.




1

Meet the Most Disruptive MBA Startups of 2019 Poets and Quants – 10/28/2019

Monday, October 28, 2019 - 12:15




1

NJIT physics team provides novel swab design, free of charge, to augment COVID-19 testing

(New Jersey Institute of Technology) A team of NJIT physicists has developed a novel test swab that can be 3D printed using inexpensive, widely available materials and speedily assembled in a range of fabrication settings. To augment the nation's testing capabilities, the inventors are making the swab's design publicly available, free of licensing fees, during the COVID-19 emergency.




1

COVID-19 baby boom? This new study suggests perhaps not

(Taylor & Francis Group) Over 80% of people surveyed in a study do not plan to conceive during the COVID-19 crisis, perhaps putting to rest suggestions that the lockdown could lead to rise in birth numbers.




1

UIowa and UCLA studying ways to reduce risk of COVID-19 infection in emergency room staff

(University of Iowa Health Care) A $3.7 million grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has been awarded to the University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine and the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA to study ways to reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection among frontline health care workers in hospital emergency departments.




1

A new way to accurately estimate COVID-19 death toll

(Rutgers University) A Rutgers engineer has created a mathematical model that accurately estimates the death toll linked to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States and could be used around the world.




1

Army project explores ways to encourage protective COVID-19 behaviors

(U.S. Army Research Laboratory) A US Army-funded project is identifying how officials at different levels of government can work together to encourage protective behaviors to prevent the spread of COVID-19.




1

Timing of immune response to COVID-19 may contribute to disease severity

(Keck School of Medicine of USC) A new USC study suggests that temporarily suppressing the body's immune system during the early stages of COVID-19 could help a patient avoid severe symptoms. That's because the research shows that an interaction between the body's two main lines of defense may be causing the immune system to go into overdrive in some patients.




1

AI tool speeds up search for COVID-19 treatments and vaccines

(Northwestern University) Northwestern University researchers are using artificial intelligence (AI) to speed up the search for COVID-19 treatments and vaccines. The AI-powered tool makes it possible to prioritize resources for the most promising studies -- and ignore research that is unlikely to yield benefits.




1

SFU epidemiologist awarded Genome B.C. grant to develop COVID-19 statistical tool

(Simon Fraser University) SFU professor Caroline Colijn’s research and data modelling to map the spread of COVID-19 in British Columbia has helped her procure funding from Genome B.C., a non-profit research organization that leads genomics innovation on Canada’s West Coast.




1

£1.2 million awarded to improve our understanding of the Sun

(Northumbria University ) Researchers from Northumbria University have been awarded £1.2m to help advance our understanding of the Sun and its impact on the planets within our solar system.




1

World's X-ray facilities team up to battle COVID-19

(DOE/Argonne National Laboratory) A group of the world's best X-ray science facilities has developed a strategy for cooperatively combating COVID-19.




1

A radar for plastic: High-resolution map of 1 kilometer grids to track plastic emissions in seas

(Tokyo University of Science) Plastic waste often ends up in river bodies and oceans, posing a serious threat to the marine ecosystem. To prevent the accumulation of plastic debris, we must find out where plastic emission is prevalent. To this end, scientists in Japan have come up with a new method to track plastic emissions from inland areas to sea. This method is useful to identify the 'hotspots' of plastic emission and can even help to implement appropriate measures to avoid plastic pollution.




1

There is no special announcement (19:45 HKT on 03.05.2020)

There is no special announcement (19:45 HKT on 03.05.2020)




1

First results from NASA's ICESat-2 mission map 16 years of melting ice sheets

(University of Washington) By comparing new measurements from NASA's ICESat-2 mission with the original ICESat mission, which operated from 2003 to 2009, scientists were able to measure precisely how the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have changed over 16 years.




1

China reports one new coronavirus case, 15 asymptomatic cases

China reported one new coronavirus case for Friday, unchanged from the day before, data from the national health authority showed on Saturday. One new imported case was recorded on May 8, the National Health Commission said in a statement.





1

Online platform enables scientists worldwide to collaborate on COVID-19 projects

Alumni inspired by the scientific response to the SARS outbreak are developing a platform to help researchers collaborate on global challenges.




1

AI being developed to help cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic

A new study led by The Royal Marsden involving Imperial will use artificial intelligence (AI) to help cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.




1

Study to research impact of COVID-19 on people who use drugs

(University of Stirling) Understanding the health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on people who use drugs in Scotland is the focus of a new University of Stirling study.




1

Climate change could reawaken Indian Ocean El Niño

(University of Texas at Austin) Global warming is approaching a tipping point that during this century could reawaken an ancient climate pattern similar to El Niño in the Indian Ocean, new research led by scientists from the University of Texas at Austin has found.




1

Could hotel service robots help the hospitality industry after COVID-19?

(University of Surrey) A new research study, investigating how service robots in hotels could help redefine leadership and boost the hospitality industry, has taken on new significance in the light of the seismic impact of the Covid-19 outbreak on tourism and business travel. The study by academics at The University of Surrey and MODUL University Vienna focuses on how HR experts perceive service robots and their impact on leadership and HR management in the hotel industry.




1

Position statement addresses difficult issue: allocating scare resources in COVID-19 era

(American Geriatrics Society) The COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented pressure on societies worldwide, given the pandemic's rapid, often deadly spread. In health care, the pandemic has raised the pressing question of how society should allocate scarce resources during a crisis. This is the question experts addressed today in a new position statement published by the American Geriatrics Society (AGS) in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16537).




1

Which COVID-19 models should we use to make policy decisions?

(Penn State) A new process to harness multiple disease models for outbreak management has been developed by an international team of researchers. The team will immediately implement the process to help inform policy decisions for the COVID-19 outbreak.




1

Life-Saving Lullabies warn against the dangers of COVID-19 to African women

(University of Huddersfield) A team of researchers received funding of almost £130,000 to work with a group of women in Zambia and create songs that warn against the dangers of the coronavirus -- and now New York wants to hear them.




1

Carbohydrate Content in the GDM Diet: Two Views: View 1: Nutrition Therapy in Gestational Diabetes: The Case for Complex Carbohydrates

Teri L. Hernandez
May 1, 2016; 29:82-88
From Research to Practice




1

The Maestro Project: A Patient Navigator for the Transition of Care for Youth With Type 1 Diabetes

Norma Van Walleghem
Feb 1, 2011; 24:9-13
From Research to Practice/Transitions in Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes




1

Fine-Tuning Control: Pattern Management Versus Supplementation: View 1: Pattern Management: an Essential Component of Effective Insulin Management

Jan Pearson
Apr 1, 2001; 14:
Articles




1

Complementary and Integrative Medicine: Emerging Therapies for Diabetes, Part 1: Preface

Cynthia Payne
Aug 1, 2001; 14:
Preface




1

A Novel Approach to Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: The Team Clinic Model

Jennifer K. Raymond
Feb 1, 2015; 28:68-71
Care Innovations




1

Glycemic Control and Hemoglobinopathy: When A1C May Not Be Reliable

Arlene Smaldone
Jan 1, 2008; 21:46-49
Evidence-Based Clinical Decision Making




1

Management of Type 1 Diabetes in Older Adults

Ruban Dhaliwal
Feb 1, 2014; 27:9-20
Research to Practice




1

JCF distribute PSOJ COVID-19 food packages

Members of the Jamaica Constabulary Force on Thursday, distributed more than 300 food packages to individuals and families impacted by COVID-19 in St. James, under the Private Sector Organisation of Jamaica (PSOJ)-led COVID-19 Response Fund...




1

488 confirmed COVID-19 cases in Jamaica

The Ministry of Health and Wellness has reported ten new positive COVID-19 test results, pushing the tally of confirmed cases to 488. Among the ten new cases, eight are females, and two are males. Their ages range from four years to 39-years-...




1

J’can healthcare worker dies from COVID-19-related complications

Antoniette Bryden has fond memories of her mother, Arlene Reid, 51, a healthcare worker originally from Yallahs, St Thomas, who died of COVID-19 in Brampton, Ontario, Canada, on April 27. Reid, a personal support worker (PSW) who worked part-time...




1

Children, 15 and 8-y-o, killed by thugs

Screams of anguish pierced the air last night as police tried to secure forensic evidence in sections of Dumfries Street in Denham Town, west Kingston, following the killing of an eight-year-old girl by gunmen earlier in the afternoon. "Jesus...




1

COVID-19: Economic Implications for Japan and the United States

Exploring the economic implications of COVID-19 on Japan and the US.




1

An Uncertain Future: Predicting the Economy After COVID-19

Abby Joseph Cohen and Alexis Crow share insights on the economic impact of COVID-19 in a discussion moderated by Pierre Yared. 




1

In It Together: A Conversation With Anna Houseman '21

The Sanford C. Bernstein & Co. Center for Leadership and Ethics spoke with Anna Houseman '21 about her daily routine, personal ethics, and staying productive during the pandemic. 




1

Quick Earthquake Messages M6.7 [7.0S, 130.0E] in Tanimbar Islands Region, Indonesia (21:54 HKT 06/05/2020)

Earthquake: 2020-05-06 21:54HKT M6.7 [7.0S, 130.0E] in Tanimbar Islands Region, Indonesia http://openstreetmap.org/?mlat=-7&mlon=130.




1

Fashion Brands Repurpose Resources to Offer Aid in the COVID-19 Crisis

Retail giants like Yoox Net-a-Porter Group and Brooks Brothers quickly pivoted to offer life-saving services.




1

Setting Policy for What Comes After COVID-19: Dr. Faheem Ahmed ’20

Like many of his classmates, Dr. Faheem Ahmed started the spring semester, primed to put the finishing touches on his MBA. But after COVID-19 began to spread, he relocated to his home in London to complete his degree remotely and work on the frontline of the crisis.




1

A World of Hurt: The Impact of COVID-19 On Retail

Director of Retail Studies Mark Cohen offers his view on the changes coming to large retailers, many of which had already seen declining sales and store closures before the pandemic hit.




1

Beyond CARES: Economist Glenn Hubbard on Government Response to COVID-19

Hubbard asks: Can we design a more effective plan, in case of a next time?




1

Cyber and International Law in the 21st Century

Research Event

23 May 2018 - 9:00am to 10:00am

Chatham House | 10 St James's Square | London | SW1Y 4LE

Event participants

Rt Hon Jeremy Wright QC MP, Attorney General, UK
Chair: Elizabeth Wilmshurst CMG, Distinguished Fellow, Chatham House

Cyber intrusions do not respect international borders. At this event, the attorney general will discuss how to apply and shape international law in order to ensure the rules-based international system can adapt to the threats – and opportunities – posed by cyber into the future.

 




1

Responsible Business 2019

Conference

Priorities, practices and principles in a digital age

28 February 2019 - 9:30am to 5:00pm

Chatham House, London

Overview

Agenda

Speakers

Pricing and booking information

Sponsors

Media partners and supporting organizations

Venue and accommodation

Press registration

Contact us

Ever-increasing consumer, investor and employee awareness continues to drive the business case for responsible behaviour, and recent events have highlighted the growing need for corporate accountability and transparency from C-suite behaviour to global supply chain management. But what exactly are these expectations across different sectors, as the acceleration of the digital age continues to present new risks, opportunities and concerns? How can the right behaviours be encouraged? 

Furthermore, ongoing political transitions and regulatory stances over the last two years have shone a light on companies’ potential and realized impact on society. With trust in political institutions low, many are calling upon businesses not only to reflect their values but to actively bridge the governance gap on issues such as equality, sustainability and human rights, in their own business operations and beyond.  But what role should business be adopting, and what are the consequences of this trend? What are the perceived trade-offs? 

The past year has seen examples of technology leaders being held to account for the mishandling of data, global corporations taking a proactive stance on contentious political issues and executive behaviour directly impacting share price. It is critical that policy-makers and business leaders re-evaluate their priorities, practices and principles as technology and politics continue to reshape the landscape. 

The third annual Chatham House Responsible Business conference will explore key questions, including:

  • Who will lead the corporate responsibility agenda? What is driving responsible behaviour? 
  • To what extent has there been a policy retreat in this space? What has been the response to this, and what does it mean for different roles and responsibilities? 
  • What are the new priorities for responsible business in a digital age? How have recent events demonstrated a shift in expectations? 
  • How can policy-makers and companies foster the integration of human rights across global supply chains, international trade and regional business operations?
  • What is the role of corporate governance and leadership in setting standards and promoting responsible business? Is this a new era of corporate activism? 

The Chatham House Rule
To enable as open a debate as possible, this conference will be held under the Chatham House Rule.

Twitter
@CH_Events
#CHBusiness

Thursday 28 February
0920

Welcome and chair's opening remarks
Dr Robin Niblett, Director, Chatham House

Keynote address
Simon Thompson, Chairman, Rio Tinto

Questions and discussion

Session One | Leaders and Drivers
1000-1115

This opening session will examine the status of corporate leadership in responsible business, evolving policy environments and stakeholder expectations, and how they continue to shape roles and responsibilities. 

  • How are expectations for responsible business evolving? Where has this been most apparent in the past 18 months, and what is driving these shifts? 
  • Do policy and regulation continue to be effective at encouraging responsible business behaviour? Where is regulation most effective in this space? 
  • Given current political sentiments and levels of trust, what role should business play in creating a sustainable economy and a more equal society? What are the implications of this?  
  • What can business leaders learn from existing examples of corporate activism? 
  • Does a trade-off exist between responsible practices and economic competitiveness, or do commercial drivers incentivize better behaviours? How does this differ across different markets and regions?

Chair
Tamzin Booth, European Business Editor, The Economist

Speakers
Helena Morrissey, Head of Personal Investing, Legal & General Investment Management, and Founder of the 30% Club
Ioannis Ioannou, Associate Professor of Strategy and Entrepreneurship, London Business School
Phil Bloomer, Executive Director, Business & Human Rights Resource Centre​
Sue Garrard, EVP Sustainable Business and Communications, Unilever (2014-18)

Questions and discussion

1115-1145 Refreshments

Session Two | Practices and Transparency
1145-1300

This session will address regulatory frameworks and economic incentives governing responsible business conduct, as well as human rights and business operations across global supply chains. 

  • How prominent are business and human rights issues on national policy agendas? To what extent has this influenced business behaviours across different sectors and regions? 
  • What progress has been made with regards to the UN Guiding Principles for Business and Human Rights? What has most effectively driven their integration? 
  • To what extent can public opinion and public awareness help narrow the governance gap? How can investors actively promote and enforce better governance practices? 
  • Does transparency necessarily lead to accountability, and in turn increase consumer and investor trust? What are the implications of this? 
  • How can due diligence and reporting be made more efficient to enhance accountability as well as transparency across supply chains and investments? Can digital solutions be employed to achieve social and environmental best practice?

Chair
Bennett Freeman, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, US Department of State (1999–2001)

Speakers
Gillian Caldwell, CEO, Global Witness
Madelaine Tuininga, Head of Unit, DG Trade, European Commission
Sharan Burrow, General Secretary, International Trade Union Confederation 
Guus Houttuin, Trade Adviser, European External Action Service, and Chair, the OECD Multi-stakeholder Steering Group 

Questions and discussion

1300-1400 Lunch

Session Three | Responsibility in the Digital Age
1400-1515

This session will examine the risks and opportunities presented by digitization and other technological developments for responsible business practices. 

  • What have events over the past year indicated regarding stakeholder concerns accompanying specific technologies and business practices? How have different sectors and companies responded? 
  • What are the responsible business issues that accompany the transition to a digital-first society? What can be learned from the challenges of regulating tech titans?
  • How can businesses ensure data privacy and help customers with digital access to maintain trust and maximize benefits from digital transformation? 
  • To what extent is the proliferation of information through technology already enhancing corporate accountability and transparency? What are the risks here? 

Chair
John Thornhill, Innovation Editor, Financial Times

Speakers
Nuala O’Connor, President and CEO of the Center for Democracy and Technology
Simon McDougall, Executive Director, Technology Policy and Innovation, Information Commissioner’s Office​
Rebecca MacKinnon, Director, Ranking Digital Rights, New America
Sarah Drinkwater, Director, Tech and Society Solutions Lab, Omidyar Network

Questions and discussion

1515-1545 Afternoon refreshments

Session Four | Governance
1545-1700

This closing session will explore the role of corporate governance in setting standards and leading responsible business practices, including diversity and inclusion as well as C-suite accountability and transparency. 

  • How are businesses responding to expectations of good corporate governance and leadership in the digital age? Are businesses equipped to maintain high standards of accountability and transparency in the era of open data and social media?
  • Do business leaders have a responsibility to embody as well as promote high standards of responsible business and ethical leadership? What lessons can be learnt from corporate governance failings? 
  • What role should business leaders play in the broader political environment? Is corporate activism part of responsible governance, and what are the risks?
  • What are the best strategies to empower diversity and foster inclusion in a rapidly changing global economy? Should diversity and inclusion begin in the boardroom?

Chair
Aris Vrettos, Director of Open Programmes and International Markets, Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership

Speakers
Catherine Howarth, CEO, ShareAction 
Jane Ellis, Director, GoodCorporation
Mo Ibrahim, Founder, Mo Ibrahim Foundation 
Alison Cottrell, CEO, Banking Standards Board

Questions and discussion

1700 Close of conference and drinks reception 

© The Royal Institute of International Affairs 2019

Keynote Speaker

Speakers

Phil Bloomer

Executive Director, Business & Human Rights Resource Centre

Tamzin Booth

Business Editor, The Economist

Sharan Burrow

General Secretary, International Trade Union Confederation

Gillian Caldwell

CEO, Global Witness

Alison Cottrell

CEO, Banking Standards Board

Sarah Drinkwater

Director, Tech and Society Solutions Lab, Omidyar Network

Jane Ellis

Director, GoodCorporation

Bennett Freeman

Deputy Assistant Secretary for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, United States (1999-2001)

Sue Garrard

EVP Sustainable Business and Communications, Unilever (2014-18)

Guus Houttuin

Trade Adviser, European External Action Service, and Chair, the OECD Multi-stakeholder Steering Group

Catherine Howarth

CEO, ShareAction

Mo Ibrahim

Founder, Mo Ibrahim Foundation

Ioannis Ioannou

Associate Professor of Strategy and Entrepreneurship, London Business School

Rebecca MacKinnon

Director, Ranking Digital Rights, New America

Simon McDougall

Executive Director, Technology Policy and Innovation, Information Commissioner's Office

Dame Helena Morrissey

Head of Personal Investing, Legal & General Investment Management; Founder, 30% Club

Dr Robin Niblett CMG

Director, Chatham House

Nuala O'Connor

President and CEO, Center for Democracy & Technology

John Thornhill

Innovation Editor, Financial Times

Madelaine Tuininga

Head of Unit, DG Trade, European Commission

Aris Vrettos

Director of Open Programmes and International Markets, Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership

Ways to book:

  1. Online: Click here to complete the online registration form
  2. Phone: Call Boudicca Georgii Hellberg on +44 (0) 20 7314 2785
  3. Email/Post: Download a PDF registration form, complete and return to Boudicca Georgii Hellberg via email or post: Chatham House, 10 St. James Square, London, SW1Y 4LE

Check if your organization is a member of Chatham House here.

 RATE (+VAT):
Partners and major corporate members 
All organizations£595
Standard corporate members 
Commercial organizations£1,180
Government departments/agencies/intergovernmental organizations£700
NGOs/academic institutions/associations (including not for profits and registered charities)£460
Non-members 
Commercial organizations£1,295
Government departments/agencies/intergovernmental organizations£750
NGOs/academic insitutions/associations (including not for profits and registered charities)£510
 
 

Your delegate pass includes:

  • Documentation
  • Lunch and refreshments

Travel and accommodation are not included.

If you are interested in becoming a sponsor for this event, please contact Olivia Lewis on +44 (0)20 7957 5732

If you are interested in partnering with Chatham House on this event, please contact Ayesha Arif on +44 (0)20 7957 5753

Chatham House
10 St James's Square
London
SW1Y 4LE
UK
conferences@chathamhouse.org

Telephone: +44 (0)20 7957 5643
Fax: +44 (0)20 7957 5710

If you wish to book the venue for your own event please phone +44 (0)20 7314 2764

Directions
The nearest tube station is Piccadilly Circus which is on the Piccadilly and the Bakerloo Underground lines. From Piccadilly follow Regent Street southwards towards Pall Mall and take the first road on the right called Jermyn Street. Duke of York Street is the second road on the left and leads to St James's Square. Chatham House is immediately on your right.

Map

Accommodation
Although we cannot book accommodation for delegates, we have arranged a reduced rate at some nearby hotels, where you can book your own accommodation. Please inform the hotel that you will be attending a conference at Chatham House (The Royal Institute of International Affairs) to qualify for the Institute's reduced rate.

Please note all rates are subject to availability.

Flemings Mayfair
13 Half Moon Street
Mayfair
London - W1J 7BH

Tel: + 44 (0)20 7499 2964
Fax: + 44 (0)20 7499 1817
reservations@flemings.co.uk

Classic Double without breakfast: £195 +VAT

The Cavendish London
81 Jermyn Street
London - SW1U 6JF

Tel: + 44 (0)20 7930 2111
Fax: + 44 (0)20 7839 2125
enquiry.cavendish@the-ascott.com 

Classic Room without breakfast: £195 +VAT

Book The Cavendish online

The Stafford London 
St James's Place
London - SW1A 1NJ

Tel: 020 7493 0111
Fax: 020 7493 7121
​reservations@thestaffordlondon.com

Classic Queen without breakfast: £247 +VAT
Quote Chatham House

This conference will be held under the Chatham House Rule. Information for journalists.

Press can request a press pass.

For enquiries relating to the conference agenda or sponsorship please call Olivia Lewis on +44 (0) 20 7957 5732

For registration enquiries please call Boudicca Georgii Hellberg on +44 (0) 20 7314 2785

For general enquiries please email conferences@chathamhouse.org 

Department/project




1

COVID-19 Brings Human Rights into Focus

9 April 2020

Sonya Sceats

Associate Fellow, International Law Programme
With a reawakened sense of our shared humanity and vulnerability, and the benefits of collective action, this crisis may translate into a comeback for human rights as a popular idea.

2020-04-09-US-COVID-homeless

A previously homeless family in the backyard of their newly reclaimed home in Los Angeles, where officials are trying to find homes to protect the state's huge homeless population from COVID-19. Photo by FREDERIC J. BROWN/AFP via Getty Images.

During this extraordinary global public health emergency, governments must strike the right balance between assertive measures to slow the spread of the virus and protect lives on the one hand, and respect for human autonomy, dignity and equality on the other.

International law already recognises the grave impact of pandemics and other catastrophic events on social order and provides criteria to guide states in their emergency action. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights permits curbs on the right to ‘liberty of movement’ so long as restrictions are provided by law, deemed necessary to protect public health, and consistent with other rights in that treaty.

Freedom of expression and association, and the rights to privacy and family life are also qualified in these terms under international and regional human rights treaties. But, as emphasised in the Siracusa Principles, any limitations must not be applied in an arbitrary or discriminatory way, and must be of limited duration and subject to review.

International law also guarantees the right to the highest attainable standard of health, while states are specifically required to take steps to prevent, treat and control epidemics under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Even in health emergencies, access to health services must be ensured on a non-discriminatory basis, especially for vulnerable or marginalised groups.

Abuse of coronavirus emergency measures

Many governments have taken pains to craft emergency laws that respect human rights, such as permitting reasonable exceptions to lockdowns for essential shopping and exercise, and making them subject to ongoing parliamentary review and sunset clauses. But even laws that appear to be human rights compliant can still easily be misapplied, as the recent debates about over-zealous policing of people walking and travelling in the UK illustrate.

And disturbing stories are emerging from states where police brutality is entrenched. In Kenya, a 13-year-old boy was reportedly shot on the balcony of his home by police enforcing a coronavirus curfew. Authorities in the Philippines' are allegedly locking those caught defying the curfew in dog cages.

As the recent history of counterterrorism demonstrates, emergency laws tend to be sticky, remaining on the statute books far longer than desirable.

The virus is also proving a powerful accelerant for the current global authoritarian drift which is so detrimental to progress on human rights. Many authoritarian leaders have seized the opportunity to further reduce constraints on their power.

Hungary's prime minister Viktor Orbán has used the pandemic as a pretext for new laws enabling him to rule by decree, completing the country's transition to an elected dictatorship. In Brazil, president Jair Bolsonaro has suspended deadlines for public bodies to reply to freedom of information requests. Iran is the latest of many repressive states in the Middle East to ban the printing and distribution of all newspapers. In China, the government brushed off criticism over ‘disappearances’ of whistleblowers and citizen journalists who questioned its response to the crisis.

Others have exploited the turmoil to undermine justice for human rights abuses - Sri Lanka's president Gotabaya Rajapaksa pardoned one of the only soldiers held accountable for crimes during the country's brutal civil war.

Coronavirus also places liberal values under further strain. Fear is a major driver in the appeal of populist authoritarians and the virus is stoking it. One poll showed 73% of British citizens agreed coronavirus is just the latest sign that the world we live in is increasingly dangerous. Extremists are exploiting these fears to spread hate by blaming the outbreak on ethnic or religious groups, and encouraging those infected to spread it to these groups.

The closure of borders helps reinforce xenophobic tendencies, and high public tolerance of emergency measures could easily spill into normalisation of intrusive digital surveillance and restrictions on liberty for other reasons well into the future.

Disadvantaged groups face a higher level of risk from the crisis. The health of aboriginal Australians is so poor that those aged 50 and above are being urged to stay home, advice otherwise given to those over 70 in the general population. The Moria refugee camp on Lesbos is reporting no soap and just one water tap for 1,300 refugees. In the UK, asylum seekers struggle to self-isolate in shared accommodation and have a daily allowance of just £5.40 for food, medicine and toiletries. Women's rights groups are reporting a spike in domestic violence.

For countries racked by war and extreme poverty, the impact is catastrophic. The virus is set to run rampant in slums, refugee camps and informal settlements where public health systems - if they exist at all - will struggle to cope. And detainees are among the most at risk, with the UN calling for release of political prisoners and anyone detained without sufficient legal basis.

But the crisis has galvanised debate around the right to health and universal health coverage. Many governments have quickly bankrolled generous relief packages which will actually safeguard the socio-economic rights of many, even if they are not being justified in those terms. Portugal and Ireland have rolled back barriers to accessing healthcare for asylum seekers and other marginalised migrants.

The pandemic strikes as many powerful governments have become increasingly nationalistic, undermining or retreating from international rules and institutions on human rights. But as the crisis spreads, the role of well-established international human rights standards in shaping and implementing effective - but also legitimate - measures is becoming ever clearer.

The virus has reminded us of our interconnectedness as human beings and the need for global cooperation to protect our lives and health. This may help to revive popular support for human rights, creating momentum for the efforts to tackle inequality and repression - factors which have made the global impact of coronavirus so much worse than it might have been.




1

Bulletin updated at 19:45 HKT - 03/05/2020

There is no warning in force.