Hayden Library - QL761.Z849 2018

Dewey Library - PR6063.C377 V47 2018

Karda, Noel Nannup, author

"Indian Council of Medical Research has set a target of carrying out around 1 lakh tests across the country per day. For this crucial work, India Post with its vast network of 1,56,000 post offices has once again turned into a COVID warrior," the statement said.

Hayden Library - PT2177.R654 2016

Hayden Library - PT2668.E774 A2 2017

This week, news writer Greg Miller chats with us about how the legalization of marijuana in certain U.S. states is having an impact on the nation’s opioid problem. Plus, Sarah Crespi talks to Sascha Drewlo about a new method for profiling the DNA of fetuses very early on in pregnancy.   [Image: OpenRangeStock/iStockphoto/Music: Jeffrey Cook] ++   Authors: Sarah Crespi; Alexa Billow

This week, what bear-mounted cameras can tell us about their caribou-hunting habits, ants that mix up their own medicine, and feeling alienated by emotional robots with Online News Editor David Grimm. And Lizzie Wade joins Sarah Crespi to discuss new thinking on the origins of democracy outside of Europe, based on archeological sites in Mexico. Listen to previous podcasts. Download the show transcript. Transcripts courtesy of Scribie.com. [Image: rpbirdman/iStockphoto; Music: Jeffrey Cook]

In our first segment from the annual meeting of AAAS (Science’s publisher) in Washington, D.C., host Sarah Crespi talks with Cathy Binger of University of New Mexico in Albuquerque about her session on the role of modern technology, such as iPads and apps, in helping people with communication disorders. It turns out that there’s no killer app, but some devices do help normalize assistive technology for kids. Also this week, freelance journalist Sarah Scoles joins Sarah Crespi to talk about bringing together satellite imaging, machine learning, and nonprofits to put a stop to modern-day slavery. In our monthly books segment, books editor Valerie Thompson talks with Judy Grisel about her book Never Enough: The Neuroscience and Experience of Addiction, including discussions of Gisel’s personal experience with addiction and how it has informed her research as a neuroscientist. This week’s episode was edited by Podigy. Download the transcript (PDF) Listen to previous podcasts. About the Science Podcast [Image: ILO in Asia and the Pacific/Flickr; Music: Jeffrey Cook]

Most historical accounts of slavery were written by colonists and planters. Researchers are now using the tools of archaeology to learn more about the day-to-day lives of enslaved Africans—how they survived the conditions of slavery, how they participated in local economies, and how they maintained their own agency. Host Sarah Crespi talks with Contributing Correspondent Lizzie Wade about a Caribbean archaeology project based on St. Croix in the U.S. Virgin Islands and launched by the founders of the Society for Black Archaeologists that aims to unearth these details. Watch a related video here. Sarah also talks with Jonathan Schulz, a professor in the Department of Economics at George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, about a role for the medieval Roman Catholic Church in so-called WEIRD psychology—western, educated, industrialized, rich, democratic. The bulk of psychology experiments have used participants that could be described as WEIRD, and according to many psychological measures, WEIRD subjects tend to have some extreme traits, like a stronger tendency toward individuality and more friendliness with strangers. Schulz and colleagues used historical maps and measures of kinship structure to tie these traits to strict marriage rules enforced by the medieval Catholic Church in Western Europe. Read related commentary. This week’s episode was edited by Podigy. Ads on this week’s show: Bayer; KiwiCo Download a transcript (PDF) Listen to previous podcasts. About the Science Podcast

Coronavirus affects far more than just the lungs, and doctors and researchers in the midst of the pandemic are trying to catalog—and understand—the virus’ impact on our bodies. Staff Writer Meredith Wadman joins host Sarah Crespi to discuss what we know about how COVID-19 kills. See all of our News coverage of the pandemic here, and all of our Research and Editorials here. Also this week, Staff Writer Paul Voosen talks with Sarah about quantum diamond microscopes. These new devices are able to detect minute traces of magnetism, giving insight into the earliest movements of Earth’s tectonic plates and even ancient paleomagnetic events in space. This week’s episode was produced with help from Podigy. Listen to previous podcasts. About the Science Podcast Download a transcript (PDF).

Germany, where 40 per cent of all infected persons are recovering, is doing the best by that metric among the five worst-affected nations

A CII survey indicates that the country may experience a protracted slowdown in economic activity.

Pacific-Asia Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (22nd : 2018 : Melbourne, Vic.)

Barker Library - TE7.N2755 no.534

Online Resource

Online Resource

Owen, Chris, author

Overy, R. J., author

Merritt, Keri Leigh, 1980- author

Mahendra Singh Dhoni is one of the co-owners of Chennaiyin FC, two-time winners of Indian Super League in 2015 and 2017-’18 season.

Hayden Library - QH31.S593 C65 2018

Dewey Library - SH329.S87 H55 2019

Online Resource

Colin Bendell gets into the minutia of microbrowsers - the small previews of your site that are pervasive all around the web and through social media apps and search engines whenever an item of content on your site is referenced.

You’ve seen it everywhere - that little thumbnail preview of a website mentioned in a tweet, the expanded description in a Slack channel, or in WhatsApp group chat.

Figure 1: The preview shown in a group chat provides a hint of what the real webpage looks like

These link previews are so commonplace that we hardly pay any attention to how our site design might be impacting the generated preview. Yet, these previews can be the most influential part for attracting new audiences and increasing engagement - possibly more than SEO. Even more alarming is that most web analytics are blind to this traffic and can’t show you how these Microbrowsers are interacting with your site.

As we close out the year, here are five essential questions and ideas that every web dev should know about Microbrowsers.

1. What are Microbrowsers? How are they different from “normal” browser?

We are all very familiar with the main browsers like Firefox, Safari, Chrome, Edge and Internet Explorer. Not to mention the many new browsers that use Chromium as the rendering engine but offer unique user experiences like Samsung Internet or Brave.

In contrast, Microbrowsers are a class of User-Agents that also visit website links, parse HTML and generate a user experience. But unlike those traditional browsers, the HTML parsing is limited and the rendering engine is singularly focused. The experience is not intended to be interactive. Rather the experience is intended to be representational - to give the user a hint of what exists on the other side of the URL.

Creating link previews is not new. Facebook and Twitter have been adding these link previews in posts for nearly a decade. That used to be the primary use case. Marketing teams created backlog items to adopt different microdata - from Twitter Cards and Open Graph annotations for Facebook. LinkedIn likewise embraced both Open Graph and OEmbed tags to help generate the previews

<meta name="description" content="seo description long">
<meta name="keywords" content="seo keyword list">

<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" 
                          type="image/x-icon">
<link rel="icon" href="favicon_32.png" sizes="32x32">
<link rel="icon" href="favicon_48.png" sizes="48x48">
<link rel="icon" href="favicon_96.png" sizes="96x96">
<link rel="icon" href="favicon_144.png" sizes="144x144">

<meta property="og:title" content="Short title here" />
<meta property="og:description" content="shortish description" />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Short title here">
<meta name="twitter:description" content="shortish description">

<meta property="og:image"
      content="https://res.cloudinary.com/.../hero-img.png" />

<meta name="twitter:image:src"
      content="https://res.cloudinary.com/.../hero-img.png">

As group chats and other collaboration tools have become more prevalent, we have seen many features from the big social media platforms emerge. Particularly in recent years we’ve seen the adoption of the link unfurling behaviour in these chat platforms. Rather than reinventing the wheel, each platform looks for pre-existing microdata to generate the preview.

But which data should be used? How should this be arranged? As it turns out, each platform behaves slightly differently; presenting information in slightly different ways.

Figure 2: The same amazon link shared in iMessage (left), Hangouts and WhatsApp (right)

2. If Microbrowsers are everywhere, why don’t I see them in my analytics reports?

It’s easy to miss the traffic from Microbrowsers. This is for a number of reasons:

First, page requests from Microbrowsers don’t run JavaScript and they don’t accept cookies. The Google Analytics <script> block won’t be run or executed. And all cookie will be ignored by the rendering agent.

Second, if you were to do a log analysis based on HTTP logs from your CDN or web stack, you would see a relatively small volume of traffic. That is assuming you can identify the User-Agent strings. Some of these Microbrowsers impersonate real browsers and others impersonate Facebook or twitter. For example, iMessage uses the same User-Agent string for all these requests and it hasn’t changed since iOS 9.

User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_1) 
             AppleWebKit/601.2.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) 
             Version/9.0.1 Safari/601.2.4 
             facebookexternalhit/1.1  
             Facebot Twitterbot/1.0

Finally, many platforms - particularly Facebook Messenger and Hangouts use centralized services to request the preview layout. This, in contrast to WhatsApp and iMessage where you will see one request per user. In the centralized consumer approach your web servers will only see one request, but this one request might represent thousands of eyeballs.

3. Microbrowser are probably more important than google bot

We all know the importance of having our web sites crawled by search engines like googlebot. These bots are the lifeblood for lead generation and for discovering new users.

However, the real gold for marketers is from word-of-mouth discussions. Those conversations with your friends when you recommend a TV show, a brand of clothing, or share a news report. This is the most valuable kind of marketing.

Last year when assembling the data for Cloudinary’s State of the Visual Media report, I discovered that there was a very prominent usage pattern over the USA holiday season. During thanksgiving, all the way to Black Friday, the rate of link sharing skyrocketed as group chats shared deals and insights.

Zooming out (and normalizing for time-of-day), we can see that there is a daily cadence of link sharing and word of mouth referrals. It probably isn’t a shock to see that we predominantly share links in Slack between Monday and Friday, while WhatsApp is used all week long. Likewise, WhatsApp is most often used during our ‘break’ times like lunch or in the evening after we put the kids to bed.

While the link preview is increasingly common, there are two user behaviours to balance:

• Users can be skeptical of links sent via SMS and other chats. We don’t want to be fooled into clicking a phishing links and so we look for other queues to offer validation. This is why most platforms use the preview while also emphasize the website url host name.

• Skimming. I’m sure you’ve had the experience coming out of a meeting or grocery store to find a group chat with 100 messages. As you scroll to catch up on the conversation, links can easily be skipped. In this way, users expect the preview to act as a summary to tell them how important it is to visit the link.

Figure 4: Nielsen Norman Group summarizes the research in a dynamic image preview

Figure 5: A mockup of how an ecommerce product could create compelling previews showcasing colors, stock and price in the preview

4. Microbrowsers are not real browsers (they just play one on TV)

As I previously mentioned, Microbrowsers pretend to be a browser in that they send the right HTTP headers and often send impersonating User-Agent strings. Yet, there are several characteristics that a web dev should be aware of.

First, Microbrowsers try to protect the User’s privacy. The user hasn’t decided to visit your site yet, and more importantly, the user is having a private conversation. The fact that your brand or website is mentioned should just make your ears burn, but you shouldn’t be able to listen in to the conversation.

For this reason, all Microbrowsers:

• don’t execute JavaScript - so your react application won’t work
• ignore all cookies - so your A/B or red/green cookies will be ignored
• some will follow redirects, but will quickly time out after a few seconds and give up trying to expand the link.
• there won’t be a referer: HTTP header when the user clicks the link for the full browser. In fact, a new user will appear as ‘direct’ traffic - as though they typed in the url.

Second, Microbrowsers have a very small brain and very likely don’t use an advanced network algorithm. Most browsers will use a tokenizer to parse the HTML markup and send requests to the network stack asynchronously. Better yet, browsers will do some analysis of the resources needed before sending the async request to the network.

Based on observational experimentation, most platforms simply use a glorified for loop when parsing the HTML and often request the resources synchronously. This might be ok for fast wifi experiences, but it can cause inconsistent experiences on flaky wifi.

For example, iMessage will discover and load all <link rel="icon" > favicon, all <meta property="og:image" images, and all <meta name="twitter:image:src" before deciding what to render. Many sites still advertise 5 or more favicon sizes. This means that iMessage will download all favicons regardless of size and then not use them if it decides to instead render the image.

For this reason the meta markup that is included is important. The lighter the content, the more likely it will be to be rendered.

5. Markup Matters

Since Microbrowsers are simple-brained browsers, it is all the more important to produce good markup. Here are a few good strategies:

• It’s almost 2020, you only need one favicon size. Remove all the other <link rel="shortcut icon" and <link rel="icon" references.
• Based on observational experimentation, the most commonly recognized microdata tags for preview are the Open-Graph tags. When the OG and twitter card tags are missing, the default SEO <meta name="description" is used. However, since the description is often nonsensical SEO optimized phrases, users’ eyes will likely glaze over.

• On that note, use good descriptive text
• Provide up to three <meta property="og:image" images. Most platforms will only load the first one, while others (notably iMessage) attempts to create a collage.

Figure 6: Amazon uses User-Agent detection which results in many link previews using the description meta tag.

• Use <meta property="og:video* with progressive (not streaming) video experiences.

<meta property="og:type" content="video.other">
<meta property="og:video:url" 
               content="https://shoesbycolin.com/blue.mp4">
<meta property="og:video:secure_url" 
               content="https://shoesbycolin.com/blue.mp4">
<meta property="og:video:type" content="video/mp4">
<meta property="og:video:width" content="1280">
<meta property="og:video:height" content="720">

• Don’t use UA sniffing to hide the <meta> tags. Sites like Amazon do this to try and show only Facebook/Twitter the microdata annotated website. But this can cause problems for some Microbrowsers that don’t use the same impersonation convention. The result is a simple link without a preview.
• Use the opportunity to tell your product story or summarize your ideas.

Summary

As more of our conversations happen in group chats and slack channels, link previews are an important way for you to engage users before they start the journey on your site. Unfortunately, not all websites present good or compelling previews. (And now that you know what to look for, you won’t be able to unsee bad examples - I’m sorry). To help users take the leap and visit your site, we need to make sure that all our pages are annotated with microdata. Better yet, we can use these previews to create compelling visual summaries.

About the author

Colin is part of the CTO Office at Cloudinary and co-author of the O’Reilly book High Performance Images. He spends much of his time at the intersection of high volume data, media, browsers and standards. He recently helped the community effort writing chapters in the Web Almanac on Media and CDNs. You can find him on tweeting @colinbendell and at blogging at https://bendell.ca

More articles by Colin

Dewey Library - JF801.S694 2020

Moderate rainfall at many places would commence from Nov 27 afternoon.

43,000 contractual teachers took 'competency'' exam, over 10,000 failed.

Romm, Joseph J., author

Klein, Naomi, 1970- author

Wills, B. A. (Barry Alan)

Zainol, Zaimawati

Hydrometallurgy Meeting (34th : 2004 : Banff, Alta.)

Wills, B. A. (Barry Alan)

Jones, Andrew N., author

Wills, B. A. (Barry Alan), author

The government has geared up to roll out the delivery of quality rice at the door steps of beneficiaries from September 1. It already launched a pilo

The panelists discuss dependency injection with Vojta Jína & Misko Hevery.

02:24 - Dann Toliver Introduction

• Twitter
• GitHub
• Bento Miso

02:35 - Matt Asher Introduction

• Twitter
• GitHub
• Blog

02:51 - EveryBit.js and I.CX

• [GitHub] everybit.js
• EveryBit.js Whitepaper

03:43 - Architecture

• Episode #135: Smallest Federated Wiki with Ward Cunningham

06:54 - Sustainability and The Pieces of the System

• Content “Puffs”
• Authentication
• Storage
  • Firebase
  • Distributed Hash Table (DHT)
  • The Chord Algorithm (Peer-to-Peer)

21:56 - Decentralization

• Space Monkey
• Madesafe

25:20 - Audience: Why Should I Care?

27:38 - Getting Started: Nuts and Bolts

• Frontend Agnostic
• Storage and Performance
• Users and Data Management
  • Payload Properties
  • Metadata
  • Graph Database
    • Adding New Relationships
    • Adding Heuristics
    • Resource Allocator Component
      • Local Storage
      • RAM

34:55 - Scaling and Server Cost

36:23 - Cloud Storage and Management (Security & Trust)

• HTTPS
  • SSL Model
  • GPG Model
• “Proof of Presence”
• "Self-verifying"
  • Namecoin Project

47:22 - Implementing Cryptographic Primitives

• bitcoinjs-lib    
• Key Management
• Cryptography
• OAuth

55:13 - The Firefox Sync Tool Project

Picks

[Twitch.tv] Kylelandrypiano (Jamison)
"Visualizing Persistent Data Structures" by Dann Toliver (Jamison)
Probability and Statistics Blog (Jamison)
Seeed Studio (Tim)
Adafruit Industries (Tim)
SparkFun Electronics (Tim)
American Sniper by Chris Kyle, Scott McEwen, and Jim DeFelice (Chuck)
Introducing Relay and GraphQL (Dann)
The Clojurescript Ecosystem (Dann)
Read-Eval-Print-λove (Dann)
React Native (Matt)

Sponsors

• Sentry use the code “devchat” for 2 months free on Sentry small plan
• Clubhouse
• CacheFly

Host: Charles Max Wood

Special Guest: Miško Hevery

Episode Summary

In this episode of My JavaScript Story, Charles hosts Miško Hevery, creator of Angular and Senior Computer Scientist at Google.

Miško was introduced to computers when his father brought a Sinclair ZX Spectrum home for them to play with. When they moved to the United States from Czech Republic, Miško attended Rochester Institute of Technology and studied Computer Engineering. After working for companies such as Adobe, Sun Microsystems, Intel, and Xerox, he joined Google where created the Angular framework. For more on the story of how Miško created AngularJS, listen to the ‘Birth of Angular’ episode on the Adventures in Angular podcast here.

Miško is currently working on Angular Ivy at Google and plans to restart a blog in the future.

Links

• Adventures in Angular: The Birth of Angular
• JavaScript Jabber: Dependency Injection in JavaScript with Vojta Jína & Misko Hevery
• Miško's Twitter
• Miško's GitHub
• Miško's Medium
• Miško's LinkedIn
• How to Talk so Kids Will Listen and Listen so Kids Will Talk
• https://devchat.tv/my-angular-story/

 Picks

Miško Hevery:

• Prusa3D - 3D Printers from Josef Prusa

Charles Max Wood:

• The Kingfountain Series by Jeff Wheeler

Sponsors

•  Datadog

• Sentry use code “devchat” for 2 months free

Panel

• Aimee Knight

• Chris Ferdinandi

• Christopher Beucheler

• AJ O’Neal

With Special Guest: Javan Makhmali

Episode Summary

Today’s guest is Javan Makhmali, who works for Basecamp and helped develop Trix. Trix is a rich text editor for the web, made purposefully simple for everyday use instead of a full layout tool. Trix is not the same as Tiny MCE, and Javan discusses some of the differences. He talks about the benefits of using Trix over other native browser features for text editing. He talks about how Trix has simplified the work at Basecamp, especially when it came to crossing platforms. Javan talks more about how Trix differs from other text editors like Google Docs and contenteditable, how to tell if Trix is functioning correctly, and how it works with Markdown.

The panel discusses more specific aspects of Trix, such as Exec command. One of the features of Trix is it is able to output consistently in all browsers and uses semantic, clean HTML instead of classnames. Javan talks about how Trix handles getting rid of the extraneous cruft of formatting when things are copy and pasted, the different layers of code, and the undo feature. He talks about whether or not there will be more features added to Trix. The panel discusses who could benefit from using Trix. The show finishes with Javan talking about Basecamp’s decision to make Trix open source and why they code in CoffeeScript. 

Links

• Trix

• Tiny MCE

• Contenteditable

• Markdown

• SVG

• HTML

• CoffeeScript

Follow DevChat on Facebook and Twitter

Picks

Javan Makhmali:

• API for form submissions

Chris Ferdinandi:

• CSS Grid

• Alex Russel Twitter thread

• How To Live a Vibrant Life with Early Stage Dementia

AJ O’Neal:

• Mario and Chill

• Chip Tunes 4 Autism: Catharsis

• Toilet Auger

Christopher Beucheler: 

• Medium to Own blog

Aimee Knight:

• Absolute Truth Unlearned as Junior Developer