JE Hixson
Mar 1, 1990; 31:545-548
Articles

Contact between inflammatory cells and endothelial cells (ECs) is a crucial step in vascular inflammation. Recently, we demonstrated that the cell-surface level of endomucin (EMCN), a heavily O-glycosylated single-transmembrane sialomucin, interferes with the interactions between inflammatory cells and ECs. We have also shown that, in response to an inflammatory stimulus, EMCN is cleared from the cell surface by an unknown mechanism. In this study, using adenovirus-mediated overexpression of a tagged EMCN in human umbilical vein ECs, we found that treatment with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) or the strong oxidant pervanadate leads to loss of cell-surface EMCN and increases the levels of the C-terminal fragment of EMCN 3- to 4-fold. Furthermore, treatment with the broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor batimastat (BB94) or inhibition of ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10 (ADAM10) and ADAM17 with two small-molecule inhibitors, GW280264X and GI254023X, or with siRNA significantly reduced basal and TNFα-induced cell-surface EMCN cleavage. Release of the C-terminal fragment of EMCN by TNF-α treatment was blocked by chemical inhibition of ADAM10 alone or in combination with ADAM17. These results indicate that cell-surface EMCN undergoes constitutive cleavage and that TNF-α treatment dramatically increases this cleavage, which is mediated predominantly by ADAM10 and ADAM17. As endothelial cell-surface EMCN attenuates leukocyte–EC interactions during inflammation, we propose that EMCN is a potential therapeutic target to manage vascular inflammation.

This year celebrities across the globe have kicked off 2020 with a bang, showcasing their washboard stomachs in a series of head-turning ensembles on the red carpet. 

The singer, 23, displayed her daring sense of style as she attended the BRIT Awards afterparty at the InterContinental Hotel in London on Tuesday

Eric Peterman, Mindaugas Valius, and Rytis Prekeris

During mitotic cell division, the actomyosin cytoskeleton undergoes several dynamic changes that play key roles in progression through mitosis. While the regulators of cytokinetic ring formation and contraction are well-established, proteins that regulate cortical stability during anaphase and telophase have been understudied. Here, we describe a role for CLIC4 in regulating actin and actin-regulators at the cortex and cytokinetic cleavage furrow during cytokinesis. We first describe CLIC4 as a new component of the cytokinetic cleavage furrow that is required for successful completion of mitotic cell division. We also demonstrate that CLIC4 regulates the remodeling of sub-plasma membrane actomyosin network within the furrow by recruiting MST4 kinase and regulating ezrin phosphorylation. This work identifies and characterizes new molecular players involved in regulating cortex stiffness and blebbing during late stages of cytokinetic furrowing.

Provided are processes for the oxidative cleavage of a double bond in an unsaturated carboxylic acid. The process includes contacting the unsaturated carboxylic acid with a mild oxidizing agent and agitating the unsaturated carboxylic acid and the mild oxidizing agent for a time sufficient to cleave a double bond of the unsaturated carboxylic acid and produce a product comprising an aldehyde. The process is typically carried out in a mill, such as a ball, hammer, attrition, or jet mill.

This invention provides recombinant DNA constructs and methods for manipulating expression of a target gene that is regulated by a small RNA, by interfering with the binding of the small RNA to its target gene. More specifically, this invention discloses recombinant DNA constructs encoding cleavage blockers, 5-modified cleavage blockers, and translational inhibitors useful for modulating expression of a target gene and methods for their use. Further disclosed are miRNA targets useful for designing recombinant DNA constructs including miRNA-unresponsive transgenes, miRNA decoys, cleavage blockers, 5-modified cleavage blockers, and translational inhibitors, as well as methods for their use, and transgenic eukaryotic cells and organisms containing such constructs.

JE Hixson
Mar 1, 1990; 31:545-548
Articles

Contact between inflammatory cells and endothelial cells (ECs) is a crucial step in vascular inflammation. Recently, we demonstrated that the cell-surface level of endomucin (EMCN), a heavily O-glycosylated single-transmembrane sialomucin, interferes with the interactions between inflammatory cells and ECs. We have also shown that, in response to an inflammatory stimulus, EMCN is cleared from the cell surface by an unknown mechanism. In this study, using adenovirus-mediated overexpression of a tagged EMCN in human umbilical vein ECs, we found that treatment with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) or the strong oxidant pervanadate leads to loss of cell-surface EMCN and increases the levels of the C-terminal fragment of EMCN 3- to 4-fold. Furthermore, treatment with the broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor batimastat (BB94) or inhibition of ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10 (ADAM10) and ADAM17 with two small-molecule inhibitors, GW280264X and GI254023X, or with siRNA significantly reduced basal and TNFα-induced cell-surface EMCN cleavage. Release of the C-terminal fragment of EMCN by TNF-α treatment was blocked by chemical inhibition of ADAM10 alone or in combination with ADAM17. These results indicate that cell-surface EMCN undergoes constitutive cleavage and that TNF-α treatment dramatically increases this cleavage, which is mediated predominantly by ADAM10 and ADAM17. As endothelial cell-surface EMCN attenuates leukocyte–EC interactions during inflammation, we propose that EMCN is a potential therapeutic target to manage vascular inflammation.

Contact between inflammatory cells and endothelial cells (ECs) is a crucial step in vascular inflammation. Recently, we demonstrated that the cell-surface level of endomucin (EMCN), a heavily O-glycosylated single-transmembrane sialomucin, interferes with the interactions between inflammatory cells and ECs. We have also shown that, in response to an inflammatory stimulus, EMCN is cleared from the cell surface by an unknown mechanism. In this study, using adenovirus-mediated overexpression of a tagged EMCN in human umbilical vein ECs, we found that treatment with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) or the strong oxidant pervanadate leads to loss of cell-surface EMCN and increases the levels of the C-terminal fragment of EMCN 3- to 4-fold. Furthermore, treatment with the broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor batimastat (BB94) or inhibition of ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10 (ADAM10) and ADAM17 with two small-molecule inhibitors, GW280264X and GI254023X, or with siRNA significantly reduced basal and TNFα-induced cell-surface EMCN cleavage. Release of the C-terminal fragment of EMCN by TNF-α treatment was blocked by chemical inhibition of ADAM10 alone or in combination with ADAM17. These results indicate that cell-surface EMCN undergoes constitutive cleavage and that TNF-α treatment dramatically increases this cleavage, which is mediated predominantly by ADAM10 and ADAM17. As endothelial cell-surface EMCN attenuates leukocyte–EC interactions during inflammation, we propose that EMCN is a potential therapeutic target to manage vascular inflammation.

The Australian rapper, 29, dared to bare in a plunging black frock at an awards ceremony in Berlin, Germany on Friday.

She released her fourth studio album - Queen - on August 10. And 10 days later, Nicki Minaj commanded attention on the carpet at the MTV Video Music Awards while dressed in a thong look.

Demi Rose, 24, continued the sizzling display on her Instagram as she slipped into a tiny yellow bikini which put focus on her ample assets.

Demi Rose delighted her 10.5million followers with her latest social media snap on Sunday, posting a very revealing selfie.

Ada Nicodemou led the celebrity arrivals at the AACTA Awards at The Star in Sydney on Wednesday.

She recently vowed to make 'positive changes' to her lifestyle in 2020, branding it 'the year of health'.

Bella's torso glistens with oil and she's wearing full makeup with her hair piled high on top of her head.

She's the Bali-based designer and Instagram star who rose to fame as one of the contestants on The Bachelor Australia.

The former Hear’Say singer, 40, revealed her cleavage in a plunging emerald gown while climbing into a cab following her latest appearance at the annual event.

The singer, 36, exuded elegance in a form-fitting black dress with dramatic fringed detail on the shoulders as she stepped into a cab

The former Pussycat Doll looked stunning as she took to the stage with her fellow judges on Saturday evening.

Celebrities gathered for the 17th annual Hollywood Film Awards at the Beverly Hilton hotel in Beverly Hills and Olivia Munn managed the almost impossible feat of standing out from the crowd

She is almost more famous for her enhanced bust as she is for her acting. And Pamela Anderson proudly put her assets on display on Sunday.

But while the 46-year-old's eyes screamed rabbit in the headlights, you could divine nothing at all from the Baywatch star's spooky smooth forehead.

The 'Boys' singer was attending the plush GQ awards on London's Bankside and caught the eye with a plunging neckline

On Wednesday, Kim Kardashian shared a sultry snap of herself while sporting a SKIMS bodysuit. She posted another racy image while wearing an item from her brand.

The songstress, 31, looked stunning in a sizzling ruched gown which showed off her eye-popping cleavage to perfection

The TOWIE star, 37, appeared in the mood to party as she greeted her fellow TOWIE star Vas outside the club ahead of the birthday celebrations.

Lizzie Cundy rung in the New Year in style as she hit the beach in a barely-there mint green swimsuit in Barbados  on New Year's Day.

Chloe Ferry put on a very busty display as she slipped into a tiny triangle bikini top as she headed to get a pedicure at her luxury resort on Wednesday.

Megan Blake Irwin pulled out all the stops on Sunday night for a VERY exclusive Oscars after party.

She's heading the Social Impact Jury at the Greenwich International Film Festival in Connecticut. And the 34-year-old actress pulled out all he stops in a black and white gown on Friday.

She's the Bali-based designer and Instagram star who rose to fame as one of the contestants on The Bachelor Australia.

The actress, 28, showcased her cleavage in a deeply plunging black gown, which was cinched around her lithe waist with a thin black leather belt.

The German designer is reportedly a favorite of pop divas like Rihanna and Lady Gaga